AO1 Summary

Question 1

Gender bias

Answer 1

Alpha bias
Beta bias
Examples
Androcentrism

Question 2

Cultural bias

Answer 2

Henrich findings
Arnett findings
WEIRD
ethnocentrism
Strange situation
Cultural relativism
Cultural relativism vs universality e.g Berry - emic and etic approaches

Question 3

Free will and determinism

Answer 3

Free will
Determinism
-soft
-hard
-biological, environmental, psychic
Causal explanations

Question 4

Nature and nurture

Answer 4

Nature
- nativists etc
Nurture
- empiricist etc
Measuring nature and nurture
Epigenetics
Diathesis stress model
Interactionist approach

Question 5

Holism and reductionism

Answer 5

Holism
- gestalt psychology
- example

Reductionism
-based on scientific principle - parsimony
- levels of explanation

• biological, environmental reductionism

Question 6

Idiographic and nomothetic

Answer 6

Idiographic
- methods
- objectivity or subjectivity etc
- examples : Freud, Roger’s
Nomothetic
- methods
- objectivity or subjectivity etc
- examples : skinner

Question 7

Ethical implications and ssr

Answer 7

Ethical implications, issues ,guidelines
Socially sensitive research
Implications for research process
. Research question
. Dealing with pps
. The way the findings are used