Aortic Aneurysm Flashcards
What is an aneurysm?
Weakening of vessel wall followed by dilation due to increased wall stress
What are complications of an AAA?
Rupture, possible formation of thrombi, fistula formation
What are risk factors for AAA?
Smoking - major, FH, connective tissue disorders, age, atherosclerosis, male
How do AAA present?
Usually asymptomatic, pulsatile mass if big, bruit on auscultation, lower back/abdominal pain if expanding rapidly
Where are AAAs commonly?
Below renal arteries
What is the first line investigation?
Ultrasonography
When would you repair an AAA?
When ruptured or symptomatic
How would you manage an asymptomatic AAA?
Surveillance until risk of rupture is high
How does a ruptured AAA present?
Acute onset of severe, tearing abdominal pain with radiation to back, flank and groin, painful pulsatile mass, hypovolemic shock, syncope, nausea, vomiting
How do you manage a ruptured AAA?
Urgent surgery - endovascular aneurysmal repair
