Approaches in psychology Flashcards
Why was Wundt known as the ‘Father of Psychology’?
as this is where psychology became a distinctive discipline in its own right
When did Wundt publish his first book?
1873
Where and when did he open the first psychology laboratory?
Germany in 1879
What was the aim of opening a lab?
to examine reaction times and human consciousness (thoughts)
What is introspection?
Wundt formed the basis of the cognitive aproach via this. It is a way of gaining knowledge about our own mental and emotional states -understanding our inner thoughts and feelings by examining conscious thoughts
How is introspectrum conducted? (4 steps)
Pps presented with controlled stimuli, use the same for each.
Pps asked to describe the inner thoughts processed they were experiencing when seeing the stimuli.
Then they compare the results of each pps to understand how people perceive things.
Generated theories about perception and other mental processes based on this evidence.
Evaluate introspection…
Its limited as is not possible to study higher mental processes, lacks ecological validity, its till useful shown through Csikzentmihalyi&Hunter, it isnt accurate shown by Nisbett&Wilson, it is unreliable as it focuses on non-observable concepts, its a self report technique, uses scientific methods, provided basis for the cognitive approach.
What do behaviorists believe?
Believe we are born with a blank slate, tabula rosa, and that all behaviors are learnt.
What does the behavioral model use?
Uses a scientific approach as it is based on observation and measurement within a lab.
What does the term conditioned mean?
If something is conditioned, it means that it is learnt.
What are the two types of conditioning?
Classical and Operant
Who is Pavlov?
A Russian psychologist who believed that we learnt through association.
