Aristotle

Question 1

Aristotle defines the polis, or city as

Answer 1

political community

Question 2

Aristotle political community as the most

Answer 2

Authoritative form of community

Question 3

Why Aristotal define politcal community as the most authoritative form of community

Answer 3

Because it incorporates all other forms of community and aim at the highest good.

Question 4

The basic unit of community is the ____, the next is the ____, and the ultimate community is the ____.

Answer 4

household,

village,

the city

Question 5

Aristotle conclude that man is by nature a _____

Answer 5

A political animal

Question 6

Aristotle identifies the three kinds of relationships that make up the household

Answer 6

Master & Slave

Husband & wife

Parent & Child

Question 7

What are the fourth element of the Household

Answer 7

art of acquisition.

Question 8

Aristotle likens the relationship between master and slave to that ______

Answer 8

between soul and body

Question 9

What is the difference between natural Acquisition and unnatural acquisition?

Answer 9

Natural Acquisition: This securing of food, shelter, and other necessities is called natural acquisition.

Unnatural Acquisition: consists of accumulating money for its own sake.

Question 10

Aristotle addresses the household relationships of husband-and-wife as

Answer 10

The statesman to his people

Question 11

Aristotle addresses the household relationships of father- and-child

Answer 11

king to his subjects, as the father rules by virtue of his children’s love for him and their respect of his age

Question 12

Hsieh the name of two Tribune in Jules Czer

Answer 12

Flavius and Murellus

Question 13

What is the ultimate ate end of human life according to Aristotal’s

Answer 13

eudaemonia

Happiness

This concept is not merely about feeling good or experiencing pleasure, but it involves living a life of virtue and fulfilling one’s potential.

Aristotle argues that eudaimonia is achieved through a life of reasoned action in accordance with virtue. This aligns with his belief that humans are rational beings and that the highest form of good is that which is pursued for its own sake.

Question 14

Difference Aristotle and Plato on property.

Answer 14

Plato: main thrust to be that citizens should share in common as much as possible, including wives, children, and property, to achieve as much unity in the city as possible.

Aristotle countering that by claiming :

the city involves an essential plurality: different people must make different contributions, fulfill different roles, and fit into distinct social classes.

Otherwise, a city will not be able to perform the many functions necessary for it to remain self- sufficien

Question 15

Difference Aristotle and Plato on generosity

Answer 15

Plato: Property leads to greedy

Aristotle : practice of generosity, an important virtue, requires individual ownership of property.

Question 16

What is Aristotle’s soultion to greedy

Answer 16

The solution is to share education, not property

Question 17

What is a citizen according Aristotle

Answer 17

Aristotle suggests that a citizen is someone who shares in the administration of justice and the holding of public office.

Aristotle then broadens this definition, which is limited to individuals in democracies, by stating that a citizen is anyone who is entitled to share in deliberative or judicial office

Question 18

to whom may citizenship be justly granted?

can the city be held accountable for decisions made by governing individuals if these individuals have not been justly granted citizenship?

Answer 18

city is defined by its constitution, so that a change in constitution signifies a change in the city

Question 19

What Aristotle mean by being a good citizen and being a good man ?

Answer 19

One is a good citizen to the extent to which one upholds and honors the constitution

Perfect virtue, however, is the only standard for being a good man.

that a good ruler who possesses practical wisdom can be both a good citizen and a good man

Question 20

whether manual laborers can be citizens.

Answer 20

good citizenship requires that the citizen be free from the necessary tasks of life.

Still, in oligarchies, in which citizenship is determined by wealth, a rich manual laborer may qualify for citizenship

Question 21

What is the difference between just Constitional and unjust constitution?

Answer 21

just constitutions geared toward bringing about well-being for all of their respective citizens,

and unjust constitutions geared toward the benefit of those in power

Question 22

Classification of regime under Aristotle

Answer 22

Just government by a single person is kingship,

by a small group is aristocracy, and

by the masses is politeia, or constitutional government

The three forms of unjust government are perversions of the corresponding forms of just government:

a kingship directed toward the sole interest of the ruler is a tyranny;

an aristocracy directed toward the sole interest of the wealthy is an oligarchy;

and a constitutional government directed toward the sole interest of the poor is a democracy

Tyranny is monarchy with a view to the advantage of the monarch, oligarchy rule with a view to the advantage of the well off, democracy rule with a view to the advantage of those who are poor; none of them is with a view to the common gain.

Question 23

three elements of civic government: the deliberative, the executive, and the judicial. The deliberative element deals with public matters such as foreign policy, the enacting of laws, judicial cases in which a severe penalty is involved, and the appointment of public officials. The executive element holds public order and takes responsibility for governing and issuing commands