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128 2nd Exam > Aromatic Polyketides + Terpenoid Quinones > Flashcards

Aromatic Polyketides + Terpenoid Quinones Flashcards

1
Q

Yangonin comes from ____

A

Kava root

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2
Q

Botanical origin of kava root

A

Piper methysticum (Piperaceae)

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3
Q

A herbal remedy popular for anxiolytic activity

A

Kava root

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4
Q

Pharmacological activity of kava is associated with a group of styrylpyrone derivatives termed

A

Kavapyrones or kavalactones

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5
Q

6 major kavapyrones

A

kawain, methysticin, dihydro derivatives of side chain of the first two, yangonib, demethoxyyangonin

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6
Q

T/F dienolides have a reduced pyrone ring and a chiral center compred to enolides

A

False

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7
Q

Cinnamoyl starter unit + 3 malonyl CoA extension + type III PKS enzyme

A

Flavonoids and Stillbenes

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8
Q

Flavonolignans

A

Arise via oxidative coupling between a flavonoid and a phenylpropanoid

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9
Q

Examples of flavonolignan

A

Silybin and isosilybin

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10
Q

Subclass of flavonoids in which shikimate-derived aromatic ring has migrated to the adjacent carbon of the heterocycle

A

Isoflavonoids

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11
Q

Rearrangement of rings of isoflavonoids are brought by

A

Cytochrom P-450 dependent enzyme

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12
Q

Are potentially derivable by oxidation of suitable phenolic compounds

A

Quinones

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13
Q

Catechols give rise to

A

Ortho-quinones

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14
Q

Ortho-quinones are derived from

A

Catechols

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15
Q

Quinols give rise to

A

Para-quinones

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16
Q

Para-quinones are derived from

A

Quinols

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17
Q

Function as electron carriers for the electron transport chain in mitochondria

A

Ubiquinones

18
Q

Range of length of terpenoids of ubiquinone

A

1-12

19
Q

Human redox carrier

A

Coenzyme Q10

20
Q

Coenzyme Q10 is derived from

A

4-hydroxybenzoic acid

21
Q

Origin of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid in bacteria

A

Chorismic acid

22
Q

Origin of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid in plants and animals

A

4-hydroxycinnamic acid/4-coumaric acid

23
Q

T/F quinone formation follows o2 dependent combined hydroxylation-oxidation process

A

True

24
Q

Botanical origin of yeast

A

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

25
Q

Organism in which nine genes have been identified as necessary for coenzyme Q biosynthesis

A

Yeast

26
Q

Coenzyme Q supplementation is proven to slow the progress symptoms of what disease

A

Parkinson’s disease

27
Q

Bear considerable structure similarity to ubiquinones but are produced from homogentisic acid

A

Plastoquinones

28
Q

Plastoquinones arise from

A

Homogentisic acid

29
Q

A phenylacetic acid derivative formed from 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid

A

Homogentisic acid

30
Q

C alkylation of homogentisic acid ortho to a phenol group follows and involves a ____

A

Polyisoprenyl diphosphate

31
Q

Found in the chloroplasts and constitute members of the vit E group

A

Tocopherol

32
Q

T/F Tocopherols are quinones

A

F

33
Q

Isoprene side-chain added to homogentisic acid that only has 4 isoprene units

A

Phytyl diphosphate

34
Q

Fat soluble vitamins

A

Vit E

35
Q

Main commercial form used for food supplementation and for medicinal purposes

A

a-tocopheryl acetate

36
Q

Shikimate-derived naphthoquinone derivatives found in plants and algae

A

Phylloquinones

37
Q

Shikimate-derived naphthoquinone derivatives found in bacteria and fungi

A

Menaquinones

38
Q

Phyllo- and Menaquinones are derived from ____ acid via its isomer _____

A

Chorismic acid; isochorismic acid

39
Q

Aditional carbons for naphthoquinone skeleton are provided by

A

2-oxoglutaric acid

40
Q

Vit K1:green vegies::vitk2: _____

A

Intestinal microflora

41
Q

Formed from a cinnamoyl-coA + C2 units from malonyl –> short poly B keto chain which cyclizes to form lactone derivative –> methylation reaction

A

Styrylpyrones

128 2nd Exam (2 decks)

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