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RESP > ASTHMA > Flashcards

ASTHMA Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of disorder is ASTHMA?

A

INFLAMMATORY DISORDER

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2
Q

How many people does asthma affect?

A

5-10% of the population

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3
Q

What is the definition of Asthma?

R’s n S’s

A 
Reccurring
Reversible
obstRuction of the
aiRways and a 
Response to
Substances and 
Stimuli
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4
Q

Extrinsic Asthma

A

[Think: E’s]

Definitive EXTERNAL CAUSE

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5
Q

Intrinsic Asthma

A

Unknown External Cause

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6
Q

Stimuli of Asthma

A
  • Environmnetal Pollutants
  • Dust
  • Exercise (dry, cold air)
  • Dust mites
  • Dirt
  • DUST
  • SMOKE
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7
Q

Symptoms

A
  • Coughing
  • Wheezing
  • Struggling to BREATHE
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8
Q

Acute Response (4)

A
  • Airway narrowing
  • Hyper-reactiveness
  • Airway spasms
  • Hyper-secretion of mucous
  • Increased mucosal inflammation
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9
Q

What does Chronic Asthma change?

A

Changes to the BRONCHIOLES

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10
Q

What are the changes of Chronic Asthma? (4)

A
  • increase in smooth muscle mass
  • increase in interstitial fluid
  • increased sensitivity due to nerve endings
  • increased oedema
  • increased inflammation
  • mucous build up
  • epithelial damage
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11
Q

What does epithelial damage result in?

A

Exposure of NERVE ENDINGS

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12
Q

What do the exposed nerve ending cause?

A

Increased SENSITIVITY

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13
Q

What does increased sensitivity due to exposed nerve endings caused?

A

BRONCHOCONSTRICTORS

increased sensitivity to them

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14
Q

What two phases is Asthma divided into?

A

IMMEDIATE

DELAYED

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15
Q

What is the immediate effect?

A

BRONCHOCONSTRICTION

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16
Q

What are the delayed effects?

A

INFLAMMATION
OEDEMA
BRONCHOCONSTRICTION
HYPER-REACTIVENESS

17
Q

ATOPIC/ALLERGIC Asthma - what is it?

A
  • Found in individuals who produce IgE antibodies

KEY WORD: to COMMON ANTIGENS

18
Q

What is TYPE I HYPERSENSITIVITY?

A

IgE induced MAST CELL DEGRANULATION

19
Q

What do Mast Cells release?

SHLCC

A
  • Spasmogens
  • Histamine
  • Leukotrienes
  • Chemotaxins
  • Chemokines
20
Q

Which compounds released by MAST CELLS cause bronchoconstriction and increased mucous production?

A
  • Spasmogens
  • Histamine
  • Leukotrienes
21
Q

What compounds released by Mast Cells are involved in the later response?

A
  • Chemokines

- Chemotoxins

22
Q

What are CysLTs?

A

Cysteinyl Leukotrienes

INFLAMMATORY LIPID MODULATORS

Mast cells induce their production (?)

23
Q

What cells are involved in the Late Response?

A
  • Chemokines

- Chemotaxins

RESP (2 decks)

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