atomic structure Flashcards
what makes a substance
atom
what is the smallest part of an element
atom
what is a compound
atoms bonded together
how many atoms can elements contain
1
are atoms destroyed in chemical reactions
no
how can we separate mixtures
filtration, crystallisation, and distillation
what is fractional distillation
It’s a way of separating miscible liquids using a fractionating column. the separation is possible because of the different boiling points of the liquids in the mixture.
what is paper chromatography
it separates mixtures of a substance dissolved in a solvent as they move up the chromatography paper. they are separated because of the different solubilities in the solvent
what are atoms made of
protons, neutrons and electrons
what charge do protons have
+1
what charge does an electron have
-1
do neutrons have a charge
no
do atoms contain an equal number of protons and electrons
yes which means they don’t carry a charge
what is the atomic number
atomic number = number of protons = number of electrons
what is the mass number
mass number = number of protons + neutrons
