Atomic Structure

Question 1

Atom definition

Answer 1

The smallest part of an element that can be recognised as that element. It cannot be broken by any chemical reaction

Question 2

Molecule definition

Answer 2

Small group of atoms chemically bonded together by covalent bonds

Question 3

Relative mass of a proton

Answer 3

1

Question 4

Relative mass of a neutron

Answer 4

1

Question 5

Relative mass of an electron

Answer 5

1/1836

Question 6

Relative charge of a proton

Answer 6

+1

Question 7

Relative charge of a neutron

Answer 7

0

Question 8

Relative charge of an electron

Answer 8

-1

Question 9

In an atom, if you are told the number of electrons is … what would the number of protons be? What does this show about atoms?

Answer 9

In an atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons, so atoms are neutral (they have no overall electrical charge)

Question 10

If you are told the atomic number is .., what would the number of protons be?

Answer 10

Atomic number = number of protons

Question 11

If you are told the mass number, how does this link to the number of protons and number of neutrons?

Answer 11

Mass number = number of protons + number of neutrons

Question 12

How do you work out the number of neutrons?

Answer 12

Neutrons = Mass number - Atomic number

Question 13

What are isotopes?

Answer 13

Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Question 14

Do isotopes react in the same way?

Answer 14

Yes, because they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell

Question 15

What is the relative atomic mass (RAM or Ar)

Answer 15

Relative atomic mass of an atom is the weighted mean mass of an atom.

Question 16

How do you work out the relative atomic mass?

Answer 16

For an element containing 2 isotopes A and B:

RAM - (% of isotope A x mass of isotope A) + (% of isotope B x mass of isotope B) / 100 (the whole thing divided by 100)