Atomic Structure

Question 1

What is the relative mass and charge of a proton

Answer 1

Relative Mass = 1
Relative Charge = +1

Question 2

What is the relative mass and charge of a neutron

Answer 2

Relative mass = 1
Relative charge = 0

Question 3

What is the relative mass and charge of an electron

Answer 3

Relative mass = 1/1840
Relative charge = -1

Question 4

What is the atomic number

Answer 4

This is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom - the bottom number on a symbol of element

Question 5

What is the mass number

Answer 5

This is the total of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom - the top number on a symbol of element

Question 6

How do you find the number of neutrons in a atom

Answer 6

Mass number - atomic number

Question 7

Note about electrons in an atom

Answer 7

Electrons are equal to protons in an atom

Question 8

In the first shell of an electronic structure how many electrons can be here ?

Answer 8

2

Question 9

What are atoms with electric charges called

Answer 9

Ions

Question 10

What are positive ions called

Answer 10

Cations

Question 11

What are negative ions called

Answer 11

Anions

Question 12

Learn ions in revision book

Question 13

What are cations always from

Answer 13

Metal atoms

Question 14

Will cations always gain or lose electrons

Answer 14

Lose

Question 15

When writing the new short hand of an ion u must have square brackets around it

Question 16

Cations will always have the number of electrons lost and a + beside the element symbol

Question 17

Where do anions always come from

Answer 17

Non metal atoms

Question 18

Will anions always gain or lose electrons

Answer 18

Gain

Question 19

Anions will always have the number of electrons gained and a - beside the element symbol

Question 20

What are isotopes

Answer 20

Isotopes are atoms which have the same number of protons (so they are atoms of the same element) but they have different numbers of neutrons ( so they have a different mass number)

Question 21

Learn isotopes in chemistry book and how to recognise

Question 22

Calculating relative mass example
A sample of boron contains 19.77% 10B and 80.23% 11B calculate the Ram

Answer 22

(10x 19.77) + (11x 80.23) divided by 100. Ans = 10.8

Must be written like
(10 x 19.77) + (11 x 80.23)
———————————
100

Question 23

What are ions

Answer 23

Ions is a charged particle formed when an atom gains or loses electrons