Atoms Flashcards
subatomic particles of atoms
Protons, neutrons, electrons
atomic number
number of protons an atom possesses
Atomic weight(atomic mass)(mass number)
the numbers of protons + neutrons
2n^2
tells the max number of electrons any given energy level can hold
two tendencies of atoms
- to have a full outer energy level
- to have the same number of protons as electrons
octet rule
except for the first energy level, the outermost energy level (the valence shell) in any given atom cannot hold more than 8 electrons
Ionic Bond
gaining or losing electrons
cation
a positive ion; by loosing one or more electrons
anion
a negative ion; by gaining one or more electrons
covalent bond
caused by sharing one or more electrons between two atoms
hydrogen bond
a weak “attraction” between atoms within a molecule
element
a substance composed of identical atoms
compound
a substance composed of two or more different elements bonded together
mixture
two or more substances mixed together, but not bonded
isotopes
different forms of the same element, differing in number of neutrons
