Atoms Combining

Question 1

Ionic Bonds

Answer 1

Metal+ Non Metal
Loss and gain of electrons takes place
Contains Charged particles
Strong bonds- Strong electrostatic forces of attration between charged particles
High melting and boiling points as it takes a lot of heat energy to overcome the electrostatic forces of attraction
Can conduct electricity in liquid form as ions are free to move
They are water soluable

Question 2

Covalent Bonds

Answer 2

Non Metal+ Non Metal
Sharing of electrons
No charged particles
Weaker bonds- Low melting and boiling points
Can’t conduct electricity as there are no charged particles
They are insoluable in water

Question 3

Metallic Bonds

Answer 3

It is a bond between positively charged ions and negatively charged delocalised electrons

Properties of Metals:
They are hard and strong- Strong forces of attraction between positively charged ions and negatively charged delocalised electrons
Malleable and Ductile
High Melting and Boiling Points
Good conductors of heat and electricity- Sea of free electrons

Question 4

Polar and Non- Polar Covalent Bonds

Answer 4

Polar Covalent Bonds:
Difference in Electro Negativity
Partial + or - charge
Conduct electricity 
Soluable in water

Non- Polar Covalent Bonds:
No or barely any difference in Electronegativity
No charge
Cant conduct electricity
Insoluable

Question 5

Diamond

Answer 5

Tetrahedral structure
Every carbon is bonded to four other carbons
Hard and Strong- Every carbon has all the bonds complete and hence strong covalent bonds between C-C
MP and BP- Strong covalent bonds between C-C hence more energy required
Cant Conduct Electricity- All the electrons of C are shared and it has no free electrons
It is used for cutting and drilling tools

Question 6

Graphite

Answer 6

Hexagonal ring
Every carbon is bonded to only three other carbons
Low MP and BP- They are weak forces of attraction between the layers hence less energy is required to break them
Soft- Weak forces of attraction between layers
Good conductor of electricity- Every carbon has a free electron
Used in lubricants and pencils

Question 7

Silcon (IV) Oxide and Silicon Dioxide

Answer 7

Each Si is bonded to four O and each O is bonded to 2 Si
Hard and Strong- All bonds of Si and O are complete
High MP and BP- Strong covalent bonds betweeen Si and O and hence more energy is required
Poor conductor of electricity- Doesnt have free electrons