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Anatomy > Axial Skeleton and Muscles > Flashcards

Axial Skeleton and Muscles Flashcards

0
Q

Coronal suture

A

Between frontal and parietal bones - top of head

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1
Q

Frontal bone

A

Forehead bone on skull

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2
Q

Frontal sinus

A

Space in the frontal bone superior to eyebrows

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3
Q

Parietal bones

A

Top two sides of the skull. Two of them.

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4
Q

Sagittal suture

A

Separates left and right parietal bones

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5
Q

Middle meningeal artery impression

A

Impression where the arteries would be. Inside skull on lateral sides.

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6
Q

Temporal bones

A

Lateral sides. Behind ears. Two of them.

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7
Q

Squamosal suture (squamous suture)

A

Between temporal and parietal bones

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8
Q

External auditory meatus (external acoustic meatus)

A

Ear hole, by jaw

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9
Q

Mandibular fossa

A

Scoop in front of auditory meatus. Superior to meatus

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10
Q

Zygomatic process

A

Part of cheek but still part of temporal bone. Anterior.

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11
Q

Styloid process

A

Interior to meatus. Attachment for muscles of tongue, pharynx and hyoid. Long skinny stalactite bone.

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12
Q

Mastoid process

A

Bump behind ear. Contains air sinuses.

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13
Q

Jugular foramen

A

Between temporal and occipital bones, passageway for internal jugular vein and cranial nerves. Hole lateral to foramen magnum. Bottom of skull. Sort of under petrous part.

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14
Q

Petrous part

A

Ridge of bone surrounding meatus canal. Inside skull

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15
Q

Internal auditory meatus

A

Hole inside skull for ear

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16
Q

Occipital bone

A

Bottom portion of skull

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17
Q

Lambdoidal suture

A

Parietal meeting occipital

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18
Q

Foramen magnum

A

Big hole for spinal cord and spine

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19
Q

Occipital condyles

A

Smooth bumps by anterior side of magnum. Outside of occipital.

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20
Q

External occipital protuberance

A

Big bump on skull by base of skull/neck

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21
Q

Sphenoid bone

A

Looks like a butterfly. Back of the mouth. Middle of the skull

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22
Q

Greater wings of sphenoid

A

Large wings that make up part of eye sockets.

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23
Q

Lesser wings of sphenoid

A

Smaller wings still part of eye sockets. Don’t get confused with legs.

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24
Q

Optic foramen

A

Passageway for optic nerves and opthalmic artery. Hole under lesser wings.

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25
Q

Superior orbital fissure

A

Passageways for blood vessels and nerves of the orbit. Under lesser wings. Gash. Don’t get confused with optic foramen.

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26
Q

Inferior orbital fissure

A

Between sphenoid and maxillary bones.

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27
Q

Sella turcica

A

Saddle of scoop middle of bone behind nose.

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28
Q

Foramen rotundum

A

Passageway for cranial nerves. Round holes by nose.

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29
Q

Foramen spinosum

A

Passageway for middle meningeal artery and cranial nerves. Tiny holes by foramen ovale s.

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30
Q

Foramen ovale

A

Passageway for blood vessels and cranial nerves. Big oval holes on anterior side.

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31
Q

Foramen lacerum

A

Inferior to sella

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32
Q

Pterygoid processes

A

Legs of butterfly. Back of oral cavity.

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33
Q

Ethmoid bone

A

Hangs down into the nasal cavity. Anterior to the sphenoid bone

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34
Q

Crista galli

A

Septum of tiny holes. Inside of skull.

35
Q

Cribriform plate

A

Inside of skull. Plate with tiny holes.

36
Q

Perpendicular plate

A

Hangs down into nasal cavity

37
Q

Middle nasal conchae

A

Ridges inside nasal cavity

38
Q

Mandible

A

Lower jaw

39
Q

Ramus

A

Vertical section. Posterior side.

40
Q

Coronoid process

A

More anterior process on back of jaw.

41
Q

Mandibular notch

A

Dip between Coronoid and condylar processes.

42
Q

Condylar process

A

More posterior process on backside of mandible.

43
Q

Mandibular foramen

A

Hole on backside of Ramus

44
Q

Body

A

Frontal part with teeth in it. Horizontal.

45
Q

Mental foramen

A

Hole on body of mandible.

46
Q

Alveolus

A

Tooth socket.

47
Q

Maxillae

A

Upper jaws. Two of them.

48
Q

Infraorbital foramen

A

Hole below eye socket

49
Q

Maxillary sinus

A

Big hole or cavern on backside of bone.

50
Q

Palatine process

A

Anterior part of of hard palate. Roof of mouth projection

51
Q

Sutural bones. (Wormian bones)

A

Any island of bone found in sutures of bones of skull.

52
Q

Palatine bones.

A

Posterior part of hard palate. In mouth

53
Q

Zygomatic bones

A

Cheek bones

54
Q

Nasal bones.

A

Bridge of the nose

55
Q

Lacrimal bones

A

Medial side of eye socket. By tear ducts.

56
Q

Vomer

A

Thin bone inside nasal cavity. Septum.

57
Q

Inferior nasal conchae

A

Lower nodules in nasal cavity

58
Q

Hyoid

A

Horseshoe bone.

59
Q

True ribs

A

1-7. First 7 superior to inferior

60
Q

False ribs

A

8-12. Bottom ribs.

61
Q

Floating ribs

A

11-12 not attached to sternum.

62
Q

Head, neck, tubercle, shaft of ribs

A

First, second, third and fourth from proximal to distal.

63
Q

Costal cartilages

A

Attaches end of rib to sternum.

64
Q

Spinalis

A

Most medial back muscle next to spine. Long and deep.

A:extension and lateral flexion of vertebral column

65
Q

Longissimus

A

Middle back muscle next to spinalis and iliocostalis. Deep and long.
A: extension and lateral flexion of vertebral column

66
Q

Iliocostalis

A

Most lateral back muscle. Next to longissimus.

A: extension and lateral flexion of vertebral column O: ilium I: ribs

67
Q

Platysma

A

Skinny muscle from corner of mouth to to collar bone

A: depresses corner of mouth

68
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Long big neck muscle from mastoid process to sternum.

A: rotates and flexes head O: sternum, clavicle I: mastoid

69
Q

Trapezius

A

Triangular muscle. Posterior on neck. A: elevation, depression, and adduction of scapula O: external occipital protuberance, thoracic vertebrae I: scapula

70
Q

Semispinalis capitis

A

Deep right next to trapezius. Little triangle. Superficially superior.
A: extend head O: cervical vertebrae I: occipital bone

71
Q

Splenius capitis

A

Inferior to semispinalis capitis but superior to levator scapulae.
A: extends head O: cervical vertebrae I: mastoid

72
Q

Levator scapulae

A

Inferior to splenius captitis but superior to scalenes.

A: elevates scapula O: cervical vertebrae I: scapula

73
Q

Scalenes

A

Most inferior neck muscle. A: lateral flexion of neck O: cervical vertebrae I: ribs 1-2

74
Q

Omohyoid

A

Long thin muscle lateral to sternohyoid.

A: depresses hyoid bone O: scapula I: hyoid bone

75
Q

Sternohyoid

A

Throat muscle covering thyroid cartilage. A: depresses hyoid bone
O: manubrium I: hyoid bone

76
Q

Thyrohyoid

A

Collar like muscle around hyoid bone. Under Omohyoid and sternohyoid. A: depresses hyoid bone O: thyroid cartilage I: hyoid bone

77
Q

Stylohyoid

A

Under chin by Ramus. Not directly under chin bone. One belly. More medial by Ramus than digastric. A: elevates hyoid bone O: styloid process I: hyoid bone

78
Q

Digastric

A

Can be split into two bellies. More lateral by Ramus than Stylohyoid.
A: depresses mandible O: mastoid process I: body of mandible

79
Q

Masseter

A

Big muscle parallel to Ramus.

A: elevates mandible O: zygomatic process I: Ramus of mandible

80
Q

Buccinator

A

Cheek muscle deeper than Masseter.

A: compresses cheek

81
Q

Temporalis

A

Side of head by temple. Can feel it when contracted.

A: elevates mandible O: temporal bone I: Coronoid process, mandibular ramus

82
Q

Orbicularis oris

A

Ring of muscle around mouth

A: closes mouth, puckers lips

83
Q

Frontalis

A

A: elevates eyebrows O: frontal bone

84
Q

Occipitalis

A

Muscles on back of lateral head.

A: retracts scalp O: occipital bone

85
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

Ring or muscle around eyes. A: closes eyelids

86
Q

Zygomaticus major

A

Diagonal muscle. A: elevates corner of mouth O: zygomatic bone

Anatomy (9 decks)

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