Axilla And Brachial Plexus

Question 1

What forms the apex, base and walls of the armpit/axilla?

Answer 1

Apex: Clavicle, scapula, rib 1
Base: Armpit skin
Walls: Muscles of back, shoulder and chest

Question 2

What are the contents of the axilla?

Answer 2

Axillary fascial sheath with neurovasculature, axillary lymph nodes, tendons of coracobrachialis and biceps brachii and adipose tissue

Question 3

What are the main arteries of the axilla?

Answer 3

Subclavian artery, axillary artery, brachial artery

Question 4

What does each part of the axillary artery supply?

Answer 4

Part 1: pectoral muscles, subclavius and serratus anterior
Part 2: clavicle, acromion, deltoid and pectoral muscles and serratus anterior
Part 3: scapula, latissimus dorsi, proximal humerus via A. Cx and P. Cx humeral arteries

Question 5

What are the superficial veins of the axilla?

Answer 5

Cephalic, basilic and median cubital veins and dorsal venous arch

Question 6

What are the deep veins of the axilla?

Answer 6

Subclavian vein, axillary vein, paired brachial veins

Question 7

Where does the brachial plexus emerge from?

Answer 7

Scalene muscles

Question 8

What kind of innervation does the brachial plexus provide?

Answer 8

Motor and sensory innervation to upper limb, from shoulder to fingertips

Question 9

What are the sections of the brachial plexus?

Answer 9

Roots, Trunks, Divisions, Cords and Branches

Question 10

Where is dorsal scapular nerve?

Answer 10

Root C5

Question 11

What does dorsal scapular nerve innervate?

Answer 11

Rhomboids and levator scapulae

Question 12

The nerves to subclavius are part of _______

Answer 12

Superior Trunk C5/C6

Question 13

The suprascapular nerve innervates _____________ and ______________________ and is part of ___________

Answer 13

Supra-; infraspinatus; superior Trunk C5/C6

Question 14

The long thoracic nerve innervates __________ __________ and is part of _______

Answer 14

Serratus anterior; Roots C5, C6, C7

Question 15

Which nerves come from the medial and the lateral cords?

Answer 15

Medial pectoral nerve and lateral pectoral nerve

Question 16

What does the medial pectoral nerve innervate?

Answer 16

Pectoralis minor and major

Question 17

What does lateral pectoral nerve innervate?

Answer 17

Pectoralis major

Question 18

What nerve comes from the posterior cord?

Answer 18

Thoracodorsal nerve to latissimus dorsi
Sup. and inf. subscapular nerves to subscapularis and teres major

Question 19

What are the branches that come from the medial and lateral cords?

Answer 19

Musculocutaneous nerve, median nerve, ulnar nerve

Question 20

The musculocutaneous nerve pierces coracobrachialis muscle, travels down _________ __________ and brachialis muscles, emerges lateral to _________

Answer 20

Biceps brachii; biceps

Question 21

Musculocutaneous nerve provides motor innervation to _________ compartment of arm and sensory innervation to __________ __________ forearm

Answer 21

Anterior; lateral anterior

Question 22

The median nerve passes through ________ fossa and into hand through __________ _________

Answer 22

Cubital; carpal tunnel

Question 23

The median nerve provides motor and sensory innervation to the ____________ palm area

Answer 23

Lateral

Question 24

The ulnar nerve travels ________ down the arm through the ulnar tunnel

Answer 24

Medially

Question 25

The ulnar nerve provides motor and sensory innervation to the __________ palm area

Answer 25

Medial

Question 26

What are the branches of the posterior cord?

Answer 26

Axillary nerve and radial nerve

Question 27

The axillary nerve travels through the ____________ _________ with P. Cx humeral artery onto posterior aspect and wraps around surgical neck of humerus

Answer 27

Quadrangular space

Question 28

The axillary nerve innervates the deltoid and teres minor for __________ and the inf. deltoid region and shoulder joint for __________

Answer 28

Motor; sensory

Question 29

Where does the radial nerve pass through?

Answer 29

Triangular interval

Question 30

What does the radial nerve innervate?

Answer 30

Posterior compartments of arm (motor and sensory) and dorsum of hand (sensory)

Question 31

What sensory nerves emerge from the medial nerve?

Answer 31

Medial brachial cutaneous nerve and medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve