B1

Question 1

algae

Answer 1

simple aquatic organisms (protista) that make their own food by photosynthesis

Question 2

alveoli

Answer 2

tiny air sacs in the lungs that increase the surface area for gaseous exchange

Question 3

bacteria

Answer 3

single-celled prokaryotic organisms

Question 4

cell membrane

Answer 4

the membrane around the contents of a cell that controls what moves in and out of the cell

Question 5

cell wall

Answer 5

the rigid structure around plant and algal cells. It is made of cellulose and strengthens the cell

Question 6

cellulose

Answer 6

the complex carbohydrate that makes up plant and algal cell walls and gives them strength

Question 7

chlorophyll

Answer 7

the green pigment contained in the chloroplasts

Question 8

chloroplasts

Answer 8

the organelles in which photosynthesis takes place

Question 9

cytoplasm

Answer 9

the water-based gel in which the organelles of all living cells are suspended and most of the chemical reactions of life take place

Question 10

diffusion

Answer 10

the spreading out of the particles of any substance in a solution, or particles in a gas, resulting in a net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration down a concentration gradient

Question 11

eukaryotic cells

Answer 11

cells from eukaryotes that have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material enclosed in a nucleus

Question 12

hypertonica

Answer 12

a solution that is more concentrated than the cell contents