B1-Cells (continued From Other Class) Flashcards
Diffusion
The net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
Equilibrium of particles
Same number of particles on each side
Does diffusion require energy
No because the particles move down the concentration gradient easily
How does temperature affect diffusion
When it is hotter diffusion will spread faster as the particles gain kinetic energy and bounce into each other
Active transport
Substances are moved up or against the concentration gradient by active transport. It’s the use of carrier proteins in the cell membrane where they take in and diposite solutes.
What does ATP stand for
Adenosine triphosphate
Is energy required for active transport
Yes as the carrier proteins need energy to rotate and work
What is Osmosis
The net movement of water from an area of high water potential to an area of low water potential down it’s water potential gradient, across a partially permeable membrane
What is a partially permeable membrane
A membrane with a tiny hole in it, allowing small molecules to pass through, but not large ones e.g cell membrane
Isotonic
When the concentration of solutes in the solution outside of the cell is the same as the concentration inside the cell
Hypertonic
When the concentration of solutes in the solution outside of the cell is higher than the concentration inside the cell
Hypotonic
When the concentration of solutes in the solution outside of the cell is lower than the concentration inside the cell
Lysis
When there is to much water inside of the cell and the membrane cannot resist exapnsion, the cell bursts
Unicellular
High surface area : volume ratio. They can exchange substances directly with the environment throught the cell membrane
Multicellular
Low surface area : volume ratio. The surface area is smalle than the volume making is harder for the exchange of substances so we’re adapted for this function
