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GCSE Biology B12 > B12 > Flashcards

B12 Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the thermoregulatory centre?

A

Hypothalamus

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2
Q

What are 2 responses our body does when overheating?

A

Vasodilation and sweating

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3
Q

What is vasodilation?

A

Where capillaries expand to let more blood run close to the skin

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4
Q

What are 2 responses if we are cold?

A

Vasoconstriction and shivering

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5
Q

How do we form carbon dioxide?

A

Respiration

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6
Q

How do we form urea?

A

Breakdown of excess amino acids

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7
Q

How do get water?

A

Consumption or respiration

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8
Q

Why do we have mineral ions?

A

To maintain pH

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9
Q

Why do we need to remove co2?

A

It reduces the pH of blood

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10
Q

What happens at the kidney?

A

All glucose, minerals, water and urea leave the blood into the kidney. All of the glucose will be reabsorbed and some water and some minerals will be reabsorbed. No urea will be reabsorbed

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11
Q

What does ADH stand for?

A

Antidiuretic hormone

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12
Q

Where is ADH produced?

A

Hypothalamus

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13
Q

What does ADH do during dehydration?

A

Opens up tiny tubules in the kidney which allow for my water to be reabsorbed

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14
Q

What happens during times when the body is hydrated?

A

Less ADH is produced

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15
Q

2 effects of damaged kidneys

A

Toxins build up in the body and water and mineral ion bakance is not maintained

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16
Q

What is dialysis?

A

Where all the blood is filtered outside of the body by a machine before being pumped back in. The fluid in the dialysis machine has a healthy concentration of glucose, and minerals but no urea, so all urea will pass through

17
Q

Advantage of dialysis?

A

Allows someone with kidney failure to continue to live

18
Q

Disadvantages of dialysis

A

You need dialysis regularly, you need to have a carefully controlled diet

19
Q

What is organ rejection?

A

The immune system recognises donor kidneys and it attacks it due to the antigens not being recognised

20
Q

What are the advantages of dialysis compared to transplants?

A

Much more readily available

21
Q

Advanatages of transplants to dialysis?

A

Almost completely normal lifestyle, no diet restrictions, survival rates are better than dialysis

GCSE Biology B12 (1 decks)

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