B4 - Plants And Stuff

Question 0

Symbol equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 0

6CO^2 + 6H^2O ——> C^6H^12O^6 + 6O^2

Question 1

Word equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 1

Carbon dioxide + water ——-> glucose + oxygen. (Light energy)

Question 2

What can glucose and starch be converted into?

Answer 2

Energy
Proteins
Starch fats or oils that are stored in seeds
Cellulose needed in cell walls

Question 3

Why must glucose be converted to starch for it to be stored?

Answer 3

Because glucose is soluble and is transported around the plant as a soluble sugar so it must be converted to starch (insoluble) to be stored

Question 4

Why is starch a very useful storage molecule?

Answer 4

It’s insoluble so it doesn’t affect water concentration inside cells where it’s stored
Doesn’t move away in solution
If cells stored glucose the inside of the cells would constantly move water in through osmosis and make it swell

Question 5

How can you increase photosynthesis?

Answer 5

Increase temp
Increase light density
Increase CO2 concentration

Question 6

Why do plants respire?

Answer 6

To break down glucose to release energy

Question 7

What does a leaf have that makes it adapted for photosynthesis?

Answer 7

Chlorophyll - absorbs light
Broad + flat - huge surface area to absorb light
Vascular bundles - support and transport water to cells
Thin layer - gases only have a short distance to travel to cells
Stomata - allow exchange of gases (opened and closed by guard cells)
Upper epidermis - transparent to allow light in
Palisade layer - near top of leaf and absorb sunlight
Spongy mesophyll - contains air spaces to allow optimum gas exchange

Question 8

What’s diffusion?

Answer 8

The movement of a substance from a region of a high conc. to a region of a low conc.

Question 9

What increases the rate of diffusion?

Answer 9

Greater surface area of cell membrane
Greater difference between the conc.
Particles have a shorter distance to travel

Question 10

What diffuses in a plant

Answer 10

CO2 and O2 move in and out

Question 11

What’s osmosis?

Answer 11

The diffusion of water from a high conc. to a low conc.

Question 12

What’s turgor pressure?

Answer 12

The pressure of water pressing against the cell wall

Question 13

What’s plasmolysis?

Answer 13

When cells lose a lot of water the inside of the cell contracts - plasmolysis

Question 14

What does the Xylem do?

Answer 14

Transports water and soluble mineral salts from the roots to the leaves (transpiration)

Question 15

What’s the phloem do?

Answer 15

Allows the movement of food substances around the plant (translocation)

Question 16

What increases the rate of transpiration?

Answer 16

More light
More wind
Higher temp
Low humidity

Question 17

What adaptations reduce the rate at which water is lost from leaves?

Answer 17

A waxy cuticle on the surface of the leaf

Majority of stomata on the lower surface of the leaf

Question 18

Why do plants need nitrates?

Answer 18

To make proteins for growth

Question 19

Why do plants needs potassium compounds?

Answer 19

For respiration and photosynthesis

Question 20

Why do Plants need phosphates?

Answer 20

For respiration and cell growth

Question 21

Why do plants need magnesium?

Answer 21

For photosynthesis

Question 22

What’s active transport?

Answer 22

When substances need to be absorbed from a low conc to a high conc - it requires energy and respiration