Bacteria Flashcards
What’s the cell type of Bacteria?
Prokaryotic
Is bacteria unicellular or multicellular?
(Examples: strep throat)
Unicellular
What type of metabolism does bacteria have?
Autotrophs and heterotrophs
*What’s the anatomy of bacteria? (Name and Function) *
Name (function): flagellum (movement), pilus (reproduction, adhesion, infection), nucleoid (genetic material - DNA), plasma membrane (controls movement of materials in and out of cell), ribosomes (protein synthesis), cell wall ( protection - not in all bacteria), capsule (protection - not in all bacteria)
What are the common shapes of bacteria?
- Coccus (spherical)
- Bacillus (rod-like)
-Spirillum (spiral)
What are the common arrangements of bacteria?
-Mono (single)
-Diplo (pairs)
-Strepto (chain)
-Staphylo (clusters)
Bacterial Cell Wall (GRAM)
Gram POSITIVE bacteria (stains purple, thick protein layer on the cell wall)
Gram NEGATIVE bacteria (stains pink, thin protein layer on the cell wall, resistant to antibiotics)
What are the 2 types of Bacterial Reproduction? (Explain)
Asexual:
- parent cell grows larger and copies its DNA
- 2 copies of DNA are separated and a wall called Septum (means cell wall) forms in the middle
- genetically identical
- this is called binary fission
Sexual:
- DNA is transferred from one cell to another via the pilus
- the recipient cell wall with the new DNA divides by binary fission
- genetically different
- this is called conjugation
Bacteria in our lives
Probiotics (ex: yogurt, sauerkraut, pickles, kimchi, cottage cheese, kombucha)
Controlling bacteria
- Cooling and freezing slow or stop bacterial growth
- Antiseptics kill bacteria (hydrogen peroxide, achool, etc)
- keeping clean
- antibiotics are medications that kill microbes like bacteria
What are the 2 reproductive methods of bacteria?
- sexual (conjugation) and asexual (binary fission)
What are the benefits and harms of bacteria?
Benefits:
- probiotics
Harms:
- gives strep throat
