Bacteria

Question 0

Salmonella

Answer 0

G-rods , no spores , flagella , facultative anaerobe , release HzS 
Ferment glucose 
Endotoxin , fimbrae , O H K Ag
High resistance 
Food and water contaminated , infected animal
Causes: typhoid fever , gastroenteritis , bacterimia 
Sample: stool, blood, CSF, gall bladder 
Transport- simple or hemoline media
Culture: mcconkey levineEMB, endoagar
Identification: microscopy 
Sero= glass agglutination, latex 
A/b susceptibility= vitek , e test

Question 1

Escherichia Coli

Answer 1

G- rods , motile , no spores , facultative anaerobe , fimbrae , 37-44c
Ferment lactose
Adhesion, Kcapsular Ag, plasmids, endo&exotoxin
Human not carrier, fecal contaminated water, encoded by genes and plasmids
Causes: UTIs, travellers diarrhoea, neonatal meningitis
Mc Conkey + blood agar = pink colonies
Microscopy = G-rod
Sero= k,o,h antigen
Susceptibility test to a/b = e test or disk diffusion

Question 2

Shigella

Answer 2

G-rods , not motile , no spores , facultative anaerobe
Shigella sonnei-ferment lactose slowly takes 48h
Adhesion factors, endotoxin enterotoxin
O and K Ag
Susceptibility to high pH concentration
Human reservoir, person to person contact , fecal-oral route by flies food water
Causes: shigellosis - mcell - release neutrophils - break down tight junction - sub mucosa
High fever, pain&cramps in abdominal
Bloody diarrhoea , painful bowel
Sample of stool
Transport media - simple media
Culture - endo agar Levine EMB mcconkey
Grams stain
Serotype agglutination on glass , latex
Biochem: vitek api

Question 3

Yersinia

Answer 3

G-rods , flagella , bipolar staining , 20-28c , facultative anaerobe
Endotoxin urease lectinase hialurodinase YOP
O H Ag
Dies in high temp
From animals - spreads to humans by contaminated foods
Multiplies in gut - ulceration&inflamation
Cause fever, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, may develop arthritis
Sample: sputum stool pus CSF
Simple transport media
Culture mcconkey CIN agar
Microscope gram staining
Biochem vitek API
SEROTYPE glass agglutination