Baer/Grainerfinalexam2017

Question 1

What letters represent the four bases that make up DNA?

Answer 1

A, T, G, C

Question 2

What is a permanent change in the genetic make up of a cell?

Answer 2

Mutation

Question 3

What group of DNA letters match this DNA sequence TAGTCA?

Answer 3

ATCAGT

Question 4

What are the rungs of the DNA ladder made of?

Answer 4

Nitrogen bases

Question 5

What is true about DNA?

Answer 5

DNA is found in all living things.
DNA has a structure like a twisted ladder.
Mistakes can be made when DNA is copied.

Question 6

What super scientist would be interested in how ribosomes, cytoplasm, and nucleus are involved in the process of protein synthesis and DNA replication?

Answer 6

Cell biologist

Question 7

How do scientists know about extinct species?

Answer 7

Using the fossil record

Question 8

What is the gradual change in a species over time?

Answer 8

Evolution

Question 9

What are the remains, or imprint, of a once living organism found in layers of rock?

Answer 9

Fossil

Question 10

What is a trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce?

Answer 10

Adaptation

Question 11

What is not example of natural selection?

Answer 11

People breeding horses to run faster.

Question 12

A group of herbivores are separated from their population. In the new environment, the only edible vegetation grows at the top of tall trees. Which of the following is a likely physical adaptation that may develop?

Answer 12

A long neck

Question 13

If 2 organisms look very similar during their early stages, what can be determined?

Answer 13

They evolved from a common ancestor.

Question 14

In a food web, what does the arrow show that is pointing in 1 direction?

Answer 14

How energy goes to the animal that is eating

Question 15

What super scientist would most likely study fossils and the fossil record?

Answer 15

Paleontologist

Question 16

What statement is true about the wolves in Yellowstone National Park?

Answer 16

Wolves and coyotes are interconnected in the Yellowstone ecosystem.

Question 17

What is the process through which farmers and breeders choose to breed animals/plants with desirable traits?

Answer 17

Selective breeding

Question 18

Where do plankton, a type of producer, get their food?

Answer 18

Through photosynthesis

Question 19

What is the study of how things interact with each other and with their environment?

Answer 19

Ecology

Question 20

Give an example of an abiotic factor.

Answer 20

Average temperature

Question 21

What is the first organism in the food chain?

Answer 21

Producer

Question 22

You are walking with a friend in the woods. A fallen tree has some fungi growing on it. Your friend starts to break off pieces of fungi, you tell him to stop. Why should your friend leave the fungi on the tree?

Answer 22

Fungi are decomposers and all life depends on the ability of decomposers to recycle materials.

Question 23

Tape worms do damage to their hosts because they ear partially digested food and that deprives the host of some food and nourishment. What type of symbiotic relationship is this?

Answer 23

Parasitism

Question 24

The honey bee gets pollen from the flower and the flower gets pollinated, meaning it has the chance to blossom and spread faster. What type of symbiotic relationship is this?

Answer 24

Mutualism

Question 25

Large numbers of Army Ants often stir up many insects while moving through the forest. Many birds follow these Army Ants and eat up the insects that try to escape from them. The birds benefit by catching their prey easily, while the Army ants are totally unaffected. What type of symbiotic relationship is this?

Answer 25

Commensalism

Question 26

What is the number and variety of organisms in a given area at a certain time?

Answer 26

Biodiversity

Question 27

What is not used to reduce the amount of garbage created?

Answer 27

Smaller garbage bags

Question 28

What are the most diverse land habitats on Earth?

Answer 28

Tropical rain forests

Question 29

Currently, approximately how many humans live on Earth?

Answer 29

7 billion

Question 30

What is true about biodiversity?

Answer 30

Unfragmented areas contain more species than fragmented areas.
Tropical rain forests and Coral reefs are 2 of the most diverse ecosystems.
There are more invertebrate species than mammal species.

Question 31

What organism makes homes for themselves in new places?

Answer 31

Introduced species

Question 32

What does HIPPO stand for?

Answer 32

H – habitat loss
I – Introduced species
P – Pollution
P – Population growth
O – over-consumption

Question 33

What HIPPO letter is the major reason why biodiversity is decreasing?

Answer 33

H

Question 34

The primary reason for the decline in Bog Turtles, a small semi-aquatic turtle that measures 3-4 inches when fully grown, is the draining of wetlands throughout Pennsylvania to make a way for housing developments, agricultural fields, shopping centers, businesses, and industries. What HIPPO letter is threatened?

Answer 34

H - habitat

Question 35

The Allegheny Woodrat was abundant throughout most of the mountainous parts of Pennsylvania prior to 1960. Today, their population has decreased dramatically due to several factors including the imported gypsy moth caterpillars from Europe. These caterpillars were brought her to make silk, but they escaped from the laboratory and invaded many northern forests. Gypsy moth caterpillars prefer oak leaves, but will devour most leaves in a forest and often defoliate entire forests. Strong, healthy trees survive the attack, but fail to produce seeds or nuts the Allegheny Woodrat feeds on, for 2-3 years at a time. What HIPPO letter is threatened?

Answer 35

I - introduced species

Question 36

Prior to 1940, there were few threats the Peregrine Falcon populations. In the 1940’s however, the pesticide DDT began to be used across the country to control insects on agricultural fields, along rivers, and in wetlands. DDT made its way up the food chain to birds of prey. Because of DDT, Peregrine Falcons and other raptors laid thin-shelled eggs that cracked under the weight of an incubating adult. This reproductive failure was devastating to the Peregrine Falcon population. What HIPPO letter is threatened?

Answer 36

P - pollution