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Chemistry > Basic Chemistry End Of Semester > Flashcards

Basic Chemistry End Of Semester Flashcards

1
Q

Relative mass & charge of proton

A

Mass - 1
Charge - +1

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2
Q

Relative mass and charge of neutron

A

Mass - 1
Charge - 0

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3
Q

Relative mass and charge of electron

A

Mass - 1/1836
Charge - -1

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4
Q

Isotope

A

Atoms of the same element with same proton number but different nucleon number

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5
Q

Describe formation of ionic compounds (3)

A
  1. Electrons in outer shell of metal transfer to non metal
  2. Metal atoms lose electrons to become positivity charged ions
  3. Non metal atoms gain electrons to become negativity charged ions
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6
Q

Describe structure of ionic compounds

A

Lattice structure with alternating positive and negative ions
Held together by string electrostatic forces of attraction between opposite charged ions.

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7
Q

Describe volatility of covalent compounds

A

Giant covalent compounds - high melting/boiling points - low volatility
Simple covalent compounds- low melting/boiling points- high volatility

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8
Q

Describe volatility of ionic compounds

A

High melting/boiling points - low volatility

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9
Q

Describe metallic bonding

A

Lattice of positive ions in a sea of electrons
Electrons in outer shell are delocalised and can move about freely
Strong metallic bonds

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10
Q

Cathode

A

Negative

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11
Q

Anode

A

Positive

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12
Q

What is attracted to the cathode

A

Metals and hydrogen

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13
Q

What is attracted to the anode

A

Non metals and hydroxide (OH-)

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14
Q

What happens if the metal is more reactive than hydrogen

A

Hydrogen is produced

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15
Q

What happens if the metal is less reactive than hydrogen

A

Then the metal is produced

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16
Q

What happens if there’s a halide present

A

It is produced

17
Q

What happens if there is no halide ions present

A

Oxygen is produced

18
Q

When electroplating, what metal is put at the cathode

A

The object to be plated

19
Q

When electroplating, what object is placed at the anode

A

The metal to coat the object with

20
Q

Oxidation

A

Loss of electrons or gain of oxygen

21
Q

Reduction

A

Gain of electrons or loss of oxygen

22
Q

Brownian motion

A

Particles in liquids and gasses move around in random directions due to collisions with other particles

23
Q

Diffusion

A

Movement of particles from an area of high concentration to a low one

24
Q

Endothermic reaction

A

Energy taken in from surroundings

25
Q

Exothermic reactions

A

Energy transferred into surroundings

26
Q

What type of reaction is bond making

A

Exothermic

27
Q

What the of reaction is bond breaking

A

Endothermic

28
Q

Oxidizing agent

A

Oxidizes substance during reaction
Are reduced

29
Q

Reducing agent

A

Reduces substance during redox reaction
Is oxidized

Chemistry (10 decks)

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