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Nutrition Seminar > Basic Metbolism > Flashcards

Basic Metbolism Flashcards

1
Q

CHO make up what biological molecules

A

Carbs
Fats
Ethanol

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2
Q

What in addition to CHO do proteins have

A

N and a variable R group

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3
Q

What are the three types of bonds between molecules

A

Hydrogen
Ionic
Covalent

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4
Q

What does the charge of an Ion refer to

A

Extra proton- positive
Extra electron- negative
(ionic form from splitting of bonds)

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5
Q

WHat are the 13 important ions within the body

A 
H+
K+
Ca2+
Na+
Cl-
Fe2+
OH-
HCO3-
PO4-
MG2+
I-
F-
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6
Q

What is the difference between NH4+ and NH3

A

NH3 Ammonia

NH4 Ammonium

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7
Q

What is the 6 in Glucose-6-Phosphate

A

Position the C is bonded to the P

Important when the molecule is split

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8
Q

What makes up a trigylceride

A

Glycerol
3 Fatty Acids
Ester Bond

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9
Q

What is the reaction to form a triglyceride

A

FA combines with CoA = fatty acyl CoA
Fatty Acyl CoA combines with glycerol
- reesterification

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10
Q

Where does glycolysis take place

A

Cytoplasm of the cell

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11
Q

What are the products of glycolysis

A

2 ATP
2 NADH
2 Pyruvate

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12
Q

Where does beta-oxidation occur

A

Mitochondrial matrix

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13
Q

What are the products of beta-oxidation

A

FADH2

NADH

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14
Q

What are the 3 types of saccharides

A

Mono
Di
Poly

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15
Q

Give an example of each saccharide

A

Mono- glucose
Di- maltose
Poly- glycogen

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16
Q

What is the structure of a phospholipid

A

2 Hydrocarbon chains
1 phosphate group
1 ester bond

17
Q

What is the role of phospholipids

A

Controls entry and exit of the membrane
Anchors membrane proteins
membrane fluidity

18
Q

What are the two most common enzymes

A

FAD and NAD

19
Q

What are the 4 types of reactions

A

Condensation- removes water
Hydrolysis- adds water
Oxidation-reduction - loss/gain of electrons
Energy/enzymatic- enzymes involved

20
Q

How do salts, bases and acids differ in their structure

A

Salts have cations and anions
Acids have protons (proton donor)
Bases have more electrons (proton acceptor)

21
Q

What is the body’s energy currency

A

ATP- AMP- ADP

22
Q

What are hormones

A

e.g. testosterone

Chemicals produced by the body which regulate the activity of cells

23
Q

What are enzymes

A

e.g. ATPase

Protein biological catalysts which speed up the rate of reaction

24
Q

What are the products of the electron transport chain

A

ATP

H20

25
Q

What are the 7 components of a healthy diet

A 
Carbs
Fats
Protein
Water
Vits
Mins
Fibre

Nutrition Seminar (1 decks)

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