Basic Instrument DQs Flashcards
Rotary Wing Instrument Flight Maneuvers: An aircraft is flown in instrument flight by controlling ___ and ___, as necessary to produce desired performance.
Attitude and Power
“Primary and Supporting Methods” and “Aircraft Control”: What are the four elements of control?
Bank, Pitch, Power, Trim
Which instrument should always be used if available because it instantly portrays the actual bank and pitch of the aircraft and is the central focus of a good cross-check?
Attitude Indicator
Cross-check: In general, the most important instruments to watch during any particular maneuver associated with Tasks 1166.01 through 1166.06 are those ___.
That are to be held constant
Concerning straight and level:In calm air, the aircraft will ___ heading and altitude with ___ input from pilot, if the attitude and power are set properly.Deviations in altitude (< ___ ft) should be corrected by adjusting pitch attitude with the cyclic beep trim switch if airspeed can be maintained within +/- ___ KIAS. In all other cases, a power change should be made.
maintain, no100 ft, 5 KIAS
Concerning climbs and descents:A change of approx. 1 FLI will result in a ___ FPM climb or descent. This equates to a ___ % change in TQ from cruise flight.Level off should be accomplished by adjusting power to cruise TQ beginning ___ ft (___% of the rate of climb or descent) prior to the desired altitude.
500 FPM, 10%50 ft, 10%
Concerning a standard rate turn:
– The turn is initiated with reference to what instrument?
– The desired angle of bank is how many degrees and why?
– In a standard rate turn, how many degrees does the aircraft heading change per second / 10 seconds / in one minute?
– Airspeed Indicator
– 15% of TAS. It achieves a standard rate turn of 3 deg/sec
– 3 deg/sec, 30 deg/10 sec, 180 deg/min
– What is the maximum bank angle recommended under instrument conditions?
– When making turns to a predetermined heading, “the bank angle should never exceed,” what?
– 30 degrees
– The number of degrees to be turned
Roll beep trim banks the aircraft at about ___ deg/sec. The trim switch must be held for a little over ___ seconds to establish a standard rate turn at 90 kts. the aircraft continues to roll for several degrees after the switch is released so desired roll attitudes must be led by releasing the switch several degrees ___. Begin rolling out of a turn by any amount equal to ___ the angle of bank (approximately ___ degrees for a standard rate turn at 90 kts).
– 4 deg/sec
– 3 sec.
– early
– half (1/2)
– 7 deg.
What is the treatment for spatial disorientation?
Reference instruments with a good cross check and attempt to ignore conflicting sensory inputs. In a two-pilot aircraft, announce SD and transfer the controls
To recover from an unusual attitude, the proper sequence of flight control adjustments is?
Correct the pitch and roll attitude, adjust power, and trim the aircraft as desired for return to level flight.
– Attitude
– Heading
– Torque
– Trim
– Airspeed
– Altitude
Concerning climbing and descending turns:
The maneuver will be conducted as a 60 second exercise during which the altitude is changed ___ ft and the heading is changed ___ degrees while maintaining the airspeed at ___ KIAS. When performed correctly, there will be a ___ degree heading change and a ___ ft altitude change every 15 seconds. So, halfway through the maneuver, there should be a ___ degree heading change and a ___ ft altitude change.
– 500 ft
– 180 deg
– 90 KIAS
– 45 deg
– 125 ft
– 90 deg
– 250 ft
Concerning acceleration/deceleration:
This maneuver will consist of an acceleration to a stabilized ___ kts, followed by a deceleration to a stabilized ___ kts, and conclude with a re-acceleration to the starting airspeed of ___ kts.
–100 kts
– 65 kts
– 90 kts
Define the following and explain its relevance to you as an Army Aviator:
– Indicated altitude - ___
– Pressure altitude - ___
– Density altitude - ___
– Indicated - altitude read on the dial with current altimeter setting set in the Kollsman window (our current MSL)
– Pressure - Height measure above the standard datum plane (29.92 in/HG) (used in performance planning
– Density - Altitude for which a given air density exists in the standard atmosphere (used in performance planning/how the aircraft will be performing)
Define and explain MIA.
Minimum IFR Altitude - minimum altitude for IFR operations as prescribed in Code of Federal Regulations part 91.
Define and explain MEA.
Minimum Enroute IFR Altitude - lowest published altitude between radio fixes which assures acceptable navigational signal coverage and meets obstacle clearance requirements between those fixes.
Define and explain MOCA.
Minimum Obstruction Clearance Altitude - lowest published altitude in effect between radio fixes on VOR airways, off-airway routes, or route segments which meets obstacle clearance requirements for the entire route segment and which assures acceptable navigational signal coverage only within 22 NM of a VOR.
Define and explain OROCA.
Off-Route Obstruction Clearance Altitude - An off-route which provides obstruction clearance within each bounded lat./long. quadrant as shown on FAA IFR charts (1000 feet in non-mountainous areas and 2000 ft in mountainous areas)
Define and explain MRA.
Minimum Reception Altitude - The lowest altitude at which an intersection can be determined.
Define and explain MCA.
Minimum Crossing Altitude - The lowest altitude at certain fixes at which an aircraft must cross when proceeding in the direction of a higher MEA.
Define and explain MVA.
Minimum Vectoring Altitude - The lowest MSL altitude at which an IFR aircraft will be vectored by a radar controller, except as otherwise authorized for radar approaches, departures, and missed approaches.
Is an aircraft navigating by IFR-approved GPS considered to be a performance-based navigation (PBN) aircraft?
Yes, pg. 1-1-23, para (5), in the AIM
What is the Primary Route Width (NM) for the following GPS modes:
– En Route - ___
– Terminal - ___
– Approach - ___
– 2.0 NM
– 1.0 NM
– 0.3 - 1.0 NM
– What is a “Fly-by waypoint”?
– What is a “Fly-over waypoint”?
– A Fly-by waypoint requires the use of turn anticipation to avoid overshoot of the next flight segment
– A Fly-over waypoint is overflown and is followed by an intercept maneuver of the next flight segment
Are slight differences between GPS and the charted magnetic course data considered acceptable? Why?
Yes, they result from the RNAV algorithm. Actual Ground Track will be comparable to the charts
Explain the difference between “homing” and “tracking” inbound to a station. Which procedure should be used on IFR flights when cleared “direct.”
“Homing” does not incorporate wind-drift correction and can be used when you don’t have to maintain a course (curved course). “Tracking” maintains a constant magnetic bearing (used when cleared “direct”)
What are the general dimensions of a victor airway depicted on an IFR en-route low altitude chart (ELA)?
Includes airspace extending from 1200 feet AGL to, but not including, 18000 feet MSL and 4 NM to each side of the centerline.
If a course change is required at an intersection, when should that change be started?
The FAA expects pilots to lead turns and take other actions they consider necessary during course changes to adhere as closely as possible to the airway or route being flown (staying center to center).
