Basics of Biochemistry

Question 1

How many different elements make up the human body?

Answer 1

25

Question 2

How many of the 25 elements that make up the human body are vital for survival?

Answer 2

11

Question 3

What is an element?

Answer 3

A substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance. Every element is made up of its own type of atom

Question 4

What way do groups go in the period table?

Answer 4

Across

Question 5

What way do periods go in the periodic table?

Answer 5

Down

Question 6

What three subatomic particles make up an atom?

Answer 6

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

Question 7

What is the only element that does not have any neutrons?

Answer 7

Hydrogen

Question 8

What subatomic particles make up the nucleus of an atom?

Answer 8

Protons and neutrons

Question 9

What does the atomic number represent?

Answer 9

The number of protons, which is equal to the number of electrons

Question 10

What does the mass number represent?

Answer 10

The total number of protons and neutrons

Question 11

Where are electrons located in an atom?

Answer 11

Orbiting the nucleus

Question 12

What is the charge of an electron

Answer 12

-1

Question 13

What is the charge of a neutron?

Answer 13

0

Question 14

What is the charge of a proton?

Answer 14

+1

Question 15

What is the mass of an electron?

Answer 15

1/1836

Question 16

What is the mass of a proton?

Answer 16

1

Question 17

What is the mass of a neutron?

Answer 17

1

Question 18

What is an ion?

Answer 18

Any atom or group of atoms that bears one or more positive/negative electrical charges due to losing/gaining an electron

Question 19

What is anion?

Answer 19

An ion that has a negative charge because it has gained one or more electrons

Question 20

What is a cation?

Answer 20

An ion that has a positive charge because it had lost one or more electrons

Question 21

What subatomic particle can atoms never lose?

Answer 21

Protons

Question 22

What is an isotope?

Answer 22

Atoms of the same element, but different forms have a different number of neutrons and hence an altered ratline atomic mass. They still have the same chemical properties

Question 23

What is the atomic mass?

Answer 23

The weighted average of all isotopes’ mass numbers

Question 24

What is an allotrope?

Answer 24

Two or more different physical forms in which an element can exist

Question 25

What are the allotropes of carbon?

Answer 25

Diamond and graphite

Question 26

How many electrons can the S orbital fit?

Answer 26

2

Question 27

How many electrons can the P orbital fit?

Answer 27

6

Question 28

How many electrons can the D orbital fit?

Answer 28

10

Question 29

How many electrons can the F orbital fit?

Answer 29

14

Question 30

What is the equation for energy where E=__?

Answer 30

E=hf

Question 31

What is the Aufbau principle?

Answer 31

Electrons fill orbitals of increasingly higher energy

Question 32

What is the Pauli exclusion principle?

Answer 32

An orbital contains no more than two electrons

Question 33

What is the Hund’s rule?

Answer 33

Degenerate orbitals are partially filled until an orbital is completely filled

Question 34

What is the first ionisation energy?

Answer 34

The energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms to form one mole of gaseous positive ions