Basis of Infectious Disease

Question 1

Name 4 human pathogens

Answer 1

protozoa, fungi, bacteria and viruses

Question 2

What are protozoa?

Answer 2

single celled animals

Question 3

What are fungi?

Answer 3

higher plant like organisms

Question 4

What are bacteria?

Answer 4

generally small, single celled

Question 5

What are viruses?

Answer 5

very small obligate parasites

Question 6

Name 2 eukaryotes

Answer 6

protozoa and fungi

Question 7

Name a prokaryote

Answer 7

bacteria

Question 8

Are viruses living or non-living?

Answer 8

non-living

Question 9

What does Koch postulate in the Germ theory of Disease?

Answer 9

the microorganism is present in every case of the disease but absent from healthy organisms

Question 10

Common bacteria that cause Gram-positive infection?

Answer 10

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 11

Where is Staphylococcus aureus found?

Answer 11

skin

Question 12

Infections from Staphylococcus aureus?

Answer 12

cellulitis, wound infections, blood stream infections

Question 13

Where is Streptococcus pneumoniae found?

Answer 13

respiratory tract

Question 14

Where is Clostridium difficile found?

Answer 14

GI tract

Question 15

What is a pathaogen?

Answer 15

harmful organism that produces a pathology

Question 16

What is a commensal?

Answer 16

organism that is part of the normal flora

Question 17

What is a opportunistic pathogen?

Answer 17

organism that causes infection when change in natural immunity arises

Question 18

What is a contaminant?

Answer 18

organism that is growing in a culture by accident

Question 19

What is virulence?

Answer 19

capacity of a microbe to cause damage to the host

Question 20

What is exogenous?

Answer 20

infective material derived from outside the patients body

Question 21

What is the oral cavity dominated by?

Answer 21

Streptococci

Question 22

Where are S.mutans found?

Answer 22

saliva & approximal plaque

Question 23

Where is S.sanguinis and S.oralis found?

Answer 23

tongue, saliva, approximal, subgingival

Question 24

What do endogenous bacteria shifting to a parasitic lifecycle require?

Answer 24

adaption

Question 25

Endogenous microbe to pathogen examples?

Answer 25

damage to epithelium, presence of foreign body and suppression of immune system

Question 26

4 types of spread?

Answer 26

direct, indirect, air-borne and vector-borne

Question 27

What is epidemology?

Answer 27

study of the occurrence, spread and control of disease

Question 28

4 kinds of occurrence of epidemiology

Answer 28

sporadic, endemic, epidemic and pandemic