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BCS Foundation Total Flashcards

1
Q

What are the stages in the Business change lifecycle

A

Alignment, Definition, Design, Implementation, Realisation

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2
Q

Whats the Alignment stage in the Business change lifecycle

A

Analysis of the organisation, Its business needs and requirements

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3
Q

What are the two sides of business analysis

A

Strategic analysis and IT Systems analysis

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4
Q

What is IT system analysis

A

IT work uses specific techniques to define the IT requirements and evaluate software

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5
Q

Business analysis bridges ___________

A

Strategic analysis with IT systems analysis

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6
Q

What are the four key areas of the Holistic approach for BA

A

Processes, People, Organisation and Technology

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7
Q

Key elements of the role and responsibilities of a Business analyst

A
  • To investigate business systems taking a holistic approach
  • To evaluate actions to improve operations of a business system
  • To document the business requirements for the IT system using appropriate documentation standards
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8
Q

Define T shaped people

A

Deep knowledge and skills of a specific domain, yet multi-disciplinary breadth of knowledge and skill

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9
Q

What is the Horizontal profile of a T-shaped business analyst

A

Personal qualities, Business knowledge

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10
Q

What is the Vertical profile of a T-shaped business analyst

A

Professional techniques

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11
Q

What are the three competencies categories of a BA

A

Professional qualities, Business knowledge and Professional Techniques

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12
Q

Provide a definition of strategy

A

The long term direction of an organisation

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13
Q

What do we need to consider concerning strategy

A
  • Goal or mission
  • Timeframe for the strategy
  • Resources required
  • Environment
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14
Q

Why is strategy important ?

A
  • Provides foundation for the organisation to succeed execution with its external and internal environment
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15
Q

Provide some reasons why its important for the Business analyst to understand the strategic context

A
  • Analyse and discuss
  • Build credibility when discussing organisation with stakeholders

-Question the appropriateness

  • Analyse the effectiveness of a strategy
  • Provide leadership and influence
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16
Q

What is strategy choice dependent on ?

A
  • Organisational culture
  • Decision making process
  • Domain complexity
  • Organisation size
  • Ambitions and beliefs
  • Wants and needs to key stakeholders
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17
Q

What are the three levels of strategy

A

Corporate level strategy, Strategic business unit and Operations level strategy

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18
Q

What is the corporate level strategy concerned with ?

A

Concerned with the overall purpose of the business

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19
Q

What is the strategic business unit concerned with

A

Address particular areas of product pricing, customer focus and competitive advantage within their own areas

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20
Q

What is operation level strategy concerned with

A

Delivery of corporate and SBU strategies by making sure the organisation is effectively deploying resources people and processes

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21
Q

What is adaptive strategy development

A

Concerned with the development of viable match between opportunities and risks present in the external environment and the organisations capabilities and resources for exploiting these opportunities

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22
Q

What are some are the characteristics of adaptive strategy development?

A
  • Iterative development
  • Deployment of viable products at low cost to quickly gain feedback
  • Products and service evolve in alignment with this feedback
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23
Q

Drawback of Adaptive development

A
  • If an organisation is risk averse
  • If there major consequences to failure
  • Constant adaption may lead to communication issues when discussing strategy
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24
Q

Define the Hybrid method

A
  • Organisations that blend linear and adaptive development approach
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25
Q

Provides some drawbacks of the linear strategy development

A
  • Slower reactions to changes externally and internally
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26
Q

To understand strategic context relative to an organisation necessary to ask the right questions to provide the building blocks for strategic development, these include:

A
  • Organisations current state
  • Organisations target state
  • Plan to move between current state to target state
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27
Q

List what would be used to Investigate the external environment ?

A

PESTLE and Porters Five forces

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28
Q

Does VMOST analyse the External and Internal Environment

A

Internal

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29
Q

Whats the point of Strategy analysis VMOST

A

Provides approach for the development and assessment of strategy

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30
Q

List the elements of VMOST

A

Vision, Mission, Objective, Strategy and Tactics

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31
Q

What is Vision in VMOST

A

Defines the target state for the organisation

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32
Q

What is Mission in VMOST

A

Describes what an organisation does or will do

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33
Q

Whats the main objective when using using VMOST to assess the internal strategic environment

A

The goal is to assess whether the elements within VMOST are a source of strength or weakness to the organisation

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34
Q

List the contextual issues when implementing strategies

A
  • Time
    -Scope
    -Capability
    -Readiness
  • Strategic leader/management
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35
Q

What is Mckinsey’s 7’s model

A

-Strategy
- Structure
-Systems
-Style
-Staff
-Skills
-Shared Values

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36
Q

What is a balanced scorecard (Internal strategy analysis)

A

Provides a means by which to assess the breadth and balance of goals and objectives the organisation uses to measure strategic performance

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37
Q

What is resource audit (Internal strategy analysis)

A

Analysis technique used to understand the current state of an organisations resources and competencies

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38
Q

What four components are touched on in the resource audit ?

A
  • Financial
  • Internal business process
  • Learning and growth
  • Customer
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39
Q

What is a Critical Success Factor

A

Few key areas that must go right for the business to achieve its goals

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40
Q

What is a KPI

A

Indicator that we measure on a regular basis that will indicate whether we are making progress towards achieving the associated CSF

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41
Q

What is Gap Analysis ?

A

Method of assessing the performance of a business unit to determine whether the business requirement or objectives are being met and if not , what steps should be taken to meet them

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42
Q

Define the Business model canvas

A
  • Business model is used to refer to the way an organisation is designed to deliver products and services to customers
  • Business model helps to align the work of the organisations with desired outcomes
  • How an organisation manages, creates and delivers value
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43
Q

What is a Target operating model?

A

Describe how a business to be established to support the execution of strategy

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44
Q

What is the primary purpose of the Target operating model?

A

Primary purpose of the TOM is to enable the application of a corporate vision or strategy to a business operation

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45
Q

TOM should cover ______

A

POPIT

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46
Q

List the components of the POPIT model

A
  • People
  • Organisation
  • Processes
  • Information
  • Technology
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47
Q

What is the Business analysis service framework ?

A
  • Provides a basis from which the BA role may be adapted to align to an organisation or project context
  • States what BA does and why this of benefit
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48
Q

State the key services in the BASF

A

-Situation investigation and problem analysis

-Feasibility assessment and -business case development

-Business process improvement

-Requirements definition

-Business acceptance testing

-Business change deployment

-Stakeholder management

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49
Q

How many services are there in the BASF

A

Six

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50
Q

What is not one of the six services but is an auxiliary service ?

A

Stakeholder engagement

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51
Q

What are the four recipients of Business analysis services ?

A

External stakeholders

Governance stakeholders

Operational stakeholders

Project stakeholders

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52
Q

Scenarios have a strong link with which other technique ?

A

Prototyping

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53
Q

Is brainstorming Ideas part of preparing for a workshop ?

A

No

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54
Q

It is useful to get which role to introduce the workshop and state the objective ?

A

Business sponsor

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55
Q

Issues of target and performance should be investigated at which organisational level ?

A

Tactical

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56
Q

Outline some benefits of Questionaires

A

Can obtain information from large numbers of people; Users spread over wide geographical area; can be used in advance of an interview

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57
Q

Outline some benefits of a workshop

A

Gain broad view of area under investigation
Increased speed and productivity
Can obtain buy-in
Can gain consensus and group agreement

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58
Q

Prototyping is strongly linked to

A

Scenario analysis

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59
Q

Describe the service investigation and problem analysis in BASF

A

Investigate root causes of problems, identify where a business needs exist and shape the project to address this need

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60
Q

Describe the service feasibility assessment and business case development in BASF

A

Examining the problem or opportunity and potential solutions identified

Developing business options to address these issues and evaluating options for the acceptability and feasibility

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61
Q

What techniques may be used in the feasibility assessment and business case development in BASF

A
  • Business development
    -Cost/benefit analysis
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62
Q

Business process is initiated by __________________ Is achieved

A

Business process is initiated by a business event and concludes when the goal of the process has been achieved

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63
Q

What is the requirement definition service in BASF concerned with?

A

Concerned with eliciting, analysing and defining the requirements that are fulfilled by a new or enhanced business or IT system

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64
Q

What is Business change deployment concerned with in BASF ?

A

concerned with delivery and adoption of business change solutions

Provide support for realising business benefits

Ensuring successful deployment of business change solutions

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65
Q

What is CATWOE ?

A

CATWOE is a technique that provides a framework for defining and analysing business stakeholder perspectives

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66
Q

What does CATWOE stand for ?

A

Customer, Actor, Transformation, Worldview, Owner and Environment

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67
Q

What is a partner stakeholder ?

A

A partner stakeholder is defined as another organisation that an organisation works with.

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68
Q

‘Watch’ is an appropriate action for which of the following stakeholder groups?

A

High power, No interest

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69
Q

Provide the term: a stakeholder who is in favour of the project but who will not actively support ?

A

Supporter

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70
Q

To which element of CATWOE does PESTLE relate to

A

E

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71
Q

True or False: The business activity model is based on a specific stakeholder perspective

A

TRUE

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72
Q

A given ‘doing’ activity in a BAM will USUALLY depend on which other type of activity or activities?

A

Enabling or Doing

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73
Q

Each stakeholder perspective requires a separate ___

A

BAM

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74
Q

Define Business activity Model

A

builds on the ‘Transformation’ element of the CATWOE technique and allows you to construct the high-level business activities that capture the world view of a particular stakeholder

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75
Q

What comprises the Hierarchy of Business process modelling

A

Enterprise, Event response, Task-actor

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76
Q

According to Paul Harmon, shareholders of a business would be regarded as being represented by which factor on his organisational model?

A

Customers

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77
Q

Is procurement a primary activity in Porter’s value chain ?

A

No

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78
Q

Which of the following defines what an organisation needs to deliver to its customer?

A

Value proposition

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79
Q

On a swimlane diagram, one ‘lane’ comprises which of the following?

A

The tasks performed by a given actor

80
Q

Provide definition

A

builds on the ‘Transformation’ element of the CATWOE technique and allows you to construct the high-level business activities that capture the world view of a particular stakeholder

81
Q

What are the primary activities in Porters Value Chain ?

A

Inbound Logistics, Operations, Outbound Logistics, Marketing & Sales and Services

82
Q

What are the supporting activities in Porters Value Chain ?

A

Firm infrastructure, Human resource management, Technology development and Procurement

83
Q

What is the 7’s

A

Model that analyses companies organisational design

84
Q

Business models help to align the work of the organisation with desired outcomes , True or false ?

A

True

85
Q

What is a Target Operating Models primary purpose

A

To enable application of corporate strategy to a business operation

86
Q

What does the STOP acronym stand for and what does it mean

A

-Strategic level of management
-Tactical level/Middle management
-Operations level

87
Q

What is the operation level concerned with (STOP)

A

Where the work is completed, how existing processes work

88
Q

Who are Rudyard Kipling’s honest men ?

A

Who, What, When, Where, Why

89
Q

What does the strategic level of management do

A

Confirming terms of reference

Management information needs

Approach to the investigation

90
Q

Why is the Toolkit approach more beneficial

A
  • Variables and Complexities may arise
  • Analyst can be flexible and responsive
91
Q

The __ approach provides basis for preparation as it ensures the key elements of an interview are considered

A

5W

92
Q

What are the components of Interviews

A

Opening, Body, Closing and Following Up

93
Q

What is this a benefit of ? Better understanding of the problems and difficulties faced by the business users

A

Observing

94
Q

What is the four different aspects of observation

A
  • Formal
  • Protocol analysis
  • Ethnographic studies
  • Shadowing
95
Q

What is Protocol analysis

A

Involves asking a member of staff to perform a task and describe it as it is being performed

96
Q

What is Ethnographic studies ?

A

Involves spending an extended period of time within target environment

97
Q

What are the two types of techniques used in a Workshop by the workshop facilitator

A
  • Discovery
  • Documentation
98
Q

What does the Discovery technique aim to achieve in a workshop ?

A

Helps the facilitator elicit information and views from participants

99
Q

What does the Documentation technique aim to achieve in a workshop ?

A

Helps participants to visualise the area of discussion

100
Q

What is a Hot house workshop ?

A

A Hothouse workshop is a specific type of workshop that applies lean and agile principles to a business problem

101
Q

What is a Scenario

A

Telling a story about a task or transaction

102
Q

Finish this sentence about scenarios : Help user

A

Helps user describe what happens in the day to day operations

103
Q

What is a Pre-condition and Post-condition for a scenario

A

-The pre-conditions (Those that must be true for scenario to begin)

-Post-condition (Characteristics that must be true following completion of scenario)

104
Q

What is a Happy day scenario ?

A

Approach that defines the usual case of a the scenario or task

105
Q

Define what Extension in scenarios

A

possibilities of diversion must be explored and documented as alternative paths

106
Q

What is a concrete scenario ?

A

specific narrative or story is developed and then tested against the requirements already identified to find any gaps

107
Q

Prototyping helps users ______

A

Visualise solution

108
Q

List the Quantitive techniques used for Investigation

A

-Questionnaires

-Special purpose reports

-Activity sampling

-Document analysis

109
Q

Define Special purpose Reporting

A

Data gathering documents used to collect data about specific situations

110
Q

What is Activity sampling ?

A

Quantitive form of observation used when it is necessary to know how people divide their work time among a range of activities

111
Q

What is Document analysis

A

Reviewing documentation to uncover information about an organisation, process or system

112
Q

What is Rich Picture ?

A

Shows an overview of the entire situation, using symbols and annotations

113
Q

What is a stakeholder

A

A stakeholder is anyone who has an interest in, or my be affected by this issue under consideration

114
Q

Who conducts stakeholder management, and who may it be delegated to ?

A

The Project manager, May be delegated to the analyst

115
Q

At what point in a project is the Stakeholder identified

A

Initiating a project process

116
Q

What technique do we use to manage and analyse stakeholders?

A

The Power/Interest Grid

117
Q

What group should we watch on the interest power grid?

A

Low interest, High power

118
Q

What group should we keep satisfied on the power interest grid?

A

High power, Some interest

119
Q

What group should we have constant active management of on the Power/interest grid

A

High power, High interest

120
Q

What group should we keep on side on the power/interest grid

A

Some power, range of interest

121
Q

What group should we ignore on the power interest grid

A

Low power, Low interest

122
Q

What group should we keep informed on the power interest grid

A

Some to high interest. Low power

123
Q

Describe the champion attitude of a stakeholder ?

A

Actively works for the success of the project

124
Q

Describe the critic attitude of a stakeholder ?

A

No in favour of the project but not actively opposed to it

125
Q

What is RACI ?

A

a linear responsibility matrix chart that identify responsibilities during an organisational change process

126
Q

What does RACI stand for ?

A

Responsible, Accountable, Consulted and Informed

127
Q

What is the SSM

A

A discipline for seeing wholes, a framework for seeing interrelationships rather than things (Senge, 2006)

128
Q

SSM is useful for exploring stakeholder perspectives, True or False ?

A

True

129
Q

What is the Actor in CATWOE ?

A

Those responsible for performing business activities

130
Q

What is Business process ?

A

Defines the way an organisation carries out its internal operation and delivers its product and service to its customers

131
Q

What are the three levels of the process model hierarchy

A

Organisation/Enterprise level, Business process level/Event response level, Task actor level

132
Q

Define the organisation level in regards to the process model hierarchy

A

The value stream required to deliver products or services

133
Q

Define the business process level in regards to the process model hierarchy

A

The business process that forms the organisations response to a business event

134
Q

Define the task actor level in regards to the process model hierarchy

A

A task, which is formed of steps, and is carried out in response to task initiating event

135
Q

What is a value stream ?

A

The specific activities within a supply chain required to design, order and design a specific product or service

136
Q

Define porters value chain

A

Provides a view of the activities of the organisation and provides a systematic approach to developing a competitive advantage

137
Q

True or False: The value chain identifies the series of activities that create and build value

A

True

138
Q

What is the value proposition

A

Defines an organisations product or service and demonstrates to customers that we understand and can satisfy their needs

139
Q

What are the three aspects of value proposition ?

A
  • Product or service attributes
  • Customer relationship aspect
  • Image and reputation
140
Q

What are the product and service attributes related to the value chain attributes of product and services ?

A
  • Functionality
  • Price
    -Quality
  • Choice
  • Availability or timing
141
Q

What is SIPOC and what does it stand for ?

A

SIPOC is a tool for documenting a process from beginning to end

Stands for :

  • Suppliers
  • Inputs
  • Process
  • Outputs
  • Customers
142
Q

Business process is triggered by:

A

An event

143
Q

What is Process

A

Defined as an entire set of activities, starting with a triggering event and ending with some output being achieved

144
Q

What is a task ?

A

Refers to an activity within the overall process that is usually carried out by an actor at a single point in time

145
Q

What is UML ?

A

UML offers elements and components to assist the fundamentals of complex systems. It follows the object-oriented concepts and techniques. Hence, using the pictorial language, we can cast the object-oriented systems.

146
Q

What is a Swim lane diagram ?

A
  • A swim lane diagram documents the steps or activities of a process flow or work flow
  • Identifying multiple actors and phases in a process
147
Q

What is a guard expression

A

A condition that must be checked

148
Q

What is the verb-noun methodology ?

A

All Verbs contains a carefully selected set of verbs that act upon nouns to define business activities

149
Q

What is a handoff in a business process model ?

A

When the flow moves from one actor to another

150
Q

What is a bottleneck ?

A

A congestion in the system

151
Q

Provides ways of improving the business process

A
  • Simplifying process
  • Reducing bottle necks
  • Changing the sequence of tasks
    -Redefining the process boundaries
152
Q

At which level of the business hierarchy would a UML activity model be used

A

Event response level and Actor task level

153
Q

In which stage of the business lifecycle are the requirements elicited

A

Definition

154
Q

What technique can be appropriate to use to model the enterprise level processes

A

SIPOC can be an appropriate technique

155
Q

Which letter of the VMOST states the target state, without regard to how this will
be achieved?

A

Vision

156
Q

Which of the following services is NOT included in the Business Analysis Service
Framework (BASF)?

A

A Business acceptance testing.
B Project management.
C Feasibility assessment.
D Business process improvement

157
Q

Define the technique:

“A quantitative form of observation used to establish how people divide their time
at work into work tasks.”

A

Activity Sampling

158
Q

Which generic business process improvement strategy identifies and eliminates
congestion in the process which occurs when one actor in the process has too
much work to do, therefore impacting the throughput of the entire process?

A

Removing bottlenecks

159
Q

List the five discovery techniques that can be conducted during a discovery workshop?

A

-Brainstorming
-Round robin discussions
-Brainwriting
-Stepwise refinement
-Breakout groups

160
Q

Is brainstorming a documentation or discovery technique

A

Discovery

161
Q

Is round robin discussions a documentation or discovery technique ?

A

Discovery

162
Q

Is stepwise refinement a documentation or discovery technique

A

Discovery

163
Q

Are breakout group a discover or documentation technique ?

A

Discovery

164
Q

Is Process models Documentation or discovery technique ?

A

Documentation

165
Q

Are Data models a documentation or discovery technique

A

Documentation

166
Q

Are case diagrams a discovery or documentation technique

A

Documentation

167
Q

Are rich pictures and mind maps a documentation or discovery technique

A

Documentation

168
Q

What is prototyping used for ?

A

Eliciting, Analysing and Demonstrating and Validating requirements

169
Q

What is a Requirement?

A

A statement provided by a stakeholder about what they believe they need in order to solve a particular business problem or respond to a specific business need

170
Q

What is eliciting ?

A

To evoke or draw out

171
Q

What is the name given to the review of the business case between stages?

A

Decision gate

172
Q

What are the three areas of feasibility

A

Business, Technical and Financial

173
Q

Issues of ‘cultural fit’ in a given proposal should be identified under what heading?

A

Business Feasibility

174
Q

The negative impact of the Financial Director who is hostile to the project would be considered in?

A

Force Field analysis

175
Q

Define Gap analysis in a localised context?

A

A change to a particular task or feature

176
Q

Define Gap analysis in an extensive context

A

Change to the business process, product or to an entire business area or organisation

177
Q

How may a desired state be recorded (GAP)

A

Using TOM or BA,

178
Q

Describe the gap analysis process

A
  • Assemble the representation of existing situation
    -Assemble representation of target or desired situation
  • Compare representation of existing and target representation
  • Identify gaps to be addressed
    -Consider possible action to address gaps
179
Q

What can provide a holistic view for gap analysis ?

A

POPIT Model

180
Q

How does the P (Processes) relate to GAP analysis ?

A
  • Identifying difference and changes required in the as is and to be processes
181
Q

How might the revised process be represented (POPIT & GAP)

A

Standard modelling technique

182
Q

How does the IT (Information and Technology) relate to GAP analysis ?

A
  • Process improvements may require changes to the IT system
  • Must consider Functional and Non functional requirements for IT support required
  • Ensure IT systems are accessible
    -IT systems integrate with current applications (EA)
183
Q

How does the O (Organisation structure) of POPIT relate to Gap analysis ?

A
  • Culture
  • Shared values
  • Organisational structure
  • Management styles alignment with strategy
184
Q

How does the P (People) of POPIT relate to Gap analysis

A
  • Changes should be communicated
  • Employee skills
  • Recruitment need
  • Staff development requirement
  • Staff motivation and reward
185
Q

What are the two types of options

A

Business options and Technical Infrastructure option

186
Q

What is the Basic option (Gap analysis)

A

-Deals with the most pressing issues
- Requires little to no technological changes
- Possible of the shelf software

187
Q

What is the Extended option (Gap analysis)

A
  • Basic option with some additions
  • Additional features
  • Potential customisation
188
Q

What is the Exhaustive option (Gap Analysis)

A

-Comprehensive solution
- May require customisation
- Extensive functionality

189
Q

What option would be produced in the least time at least cost, and what option is the most, what’s in between ?

A

Basic, Extended and Exhaustive

190
Q

What is Divergent thinking ?

A

A thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions

191
Q

What is Convergent thinking?

A

A thought process or method that focuses on coming up with the single, well-established answer to a problem

192
Q

KSF of divergent thinking

A
  • Identify when sufficient suggestions have been generated
193
Q

When is the outline business case developed ?

A

Pre-project

194
Q

When is the business case updated

A

At every decision gate

195
Q

The outline business case Is made before ___

A

Any resources are committed to the project

BCS (15 decks)

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