behaviourist approach Flashcards
what’s classical conditioning
learning through association
two stimuli are repeatedly paired:
neutral stimulus is consistently paired with unconditioned stimulus
What did pavlov suggest
showed dogs could be conditioned to salivate at the sound of a bell if that sound was repeatedly presented at the same time food was given
what’s the neutral stimulus
The bell
what’s the unconditioned stimulus and the unconditioned response
The food and the salivation
what happens during conditioning
Unconditioned stimulus (food) is paired with neutral stimulus (bell) which causes unconditioned response (salivation)
what happens after conditioning
conditioned stimulus (bell) is conditioned response (salivation)
what’s operant conditioning
learning through reinforcement or punishment, if has desirable consequence, behaviour more likely to occur again
explain skinners research
skinners box, when rat accidentally presses the lever food pellet hall into cage, hungry rats keep doing it
what’s reinforcement
strengthens a response and increases chance it will occur again
what’s positive reinforcement
perform a certain behaviour and are rewarded/praised, likely to happen again
what’s negative reinforcement
the removal of something negative to strengthen a behavior
eg, when you don’t put a seatbelt on, you get that annoying red blink light, it makes you wanna put your seatbelt on
what’s punishment
unpleasant consequence, less likely to occur in future
a strength
classical conditioning applied to therapy, treatments for anxiety associated with phobias
what’s behavioural approach
learning through experiences
weakness
skinner uses non human animals than humans, says humans have free will
