biases/validities Flashcards
ecological validity
how well the experiment is replicable of actual outside world/will represent findings in outside world
confirmation bias
finding results that align with what they believe to be in line with their theory/thought
retrospective study
researcher is asking about past behaviour - how a researcher might find correlational relationship
prospective study
researcher measures variable at beginning of study and watches effect of variable over time
longitudinal research
observations of same variables over long periods
cross-sectional research
analyzes data collected from population at specific point in time
mundane realism
level to which situation represents a real life situation - helps determine ecological validity
population validity
type of external validity that describes how well sample can be used to generalize population as a whole
external validity
extent to which results of a study can be generalized to other situations and to other people (split into population and ecological validity)
internal validity
how well an experiment is done - whether it avoids the influence of outside/extraneous variables
construct validity
if concept has agreed-upon definition and can be measured
reliabilty
means results of study can be replicated
researcher bias
when experimenter’s expectations consciously/unconsciously affect findings of study
double-blind control
participants don’t know if they are in experimental or control group and person carrying out experiment don’t know aim of study or which group is which either
participant variability
limitation of study when characterisitics of sample affect dependent variable (counteracted by random sample and random allocation)
