Bio Unit One Test

Question 0

Leukocytes

Answer 0

Nucleus
5000ml per
Larger than erythocytes 
Phagocytes non specific immune response
Lymphocytes
Specific immune response

Question 1

Describe function of circulatory

Answer 1

Move blood from heart to lungs and back to heart then travels to all cells of body

Question 2

Plasma

Answer 2

Straw coloured liquid
55% of blood volume
Liquid no size
Transports soluble food molecules, wastes, hormones, and antibodies

Question 3

Erythrocytes

Answer 3

No nucleus
Disc shaped
Red because they contain haemoglobin 
5-6 mill per ml
Transport O2 and co2

Question 4

Thrombocytes

Answer 4

Have nucleus
Produce fibrin threads that form a web
Smaller than erythrocytes
Blood clot and scab formation

Question 5

Role of haemoglobin

Answer 5

Binds and separates with oxygen to transport oxygen to the body tissues

Question 6

4 things that are transported in plasma

Answer 6

• soluble food molecules
• wastes
• hormones
• antibodies

Question 7

Donation process

Answer 7

• Hemoglobin test so person won’t become anemic
• Questionnaire makes sure person is low risk
• Blood pressure temperature check make sure person is healthy enough
• Blood donation
• blood screening checks to make sure blood is useable no disease

Question 8

Safe guards set up to protect donator and recipient

Answer 8

Clean
Confidential
Don’t become anemic
Screening is done on all blood

Question 9

Arteries

Answer 9

Large
Thick muscular walls
Very elastic
High blood pressure
Transports oxygenated blood
Blood transported away from heart

Question 10

Veins

Answer 10

Large
Prevent back flow of blood because of valves
Not elastic
Low blood pressure
Transports deoxygenated blood
Blood transported towards the heart

Question 11

Capillaries

Answer 11

Microscopic
1 cell wall thick
Not very elastic
Medium blood pressure
Transports oxygenated blood and deoxygenated
Direction blood is transported from arteries to veins through the capillaries

Question 12

5 materials that are transported between cells and capillaries

Answer 12

Carbon dioxide
Oxygen
Hormones
Nutrients
Nitrogenous wastes

Question 13

Pathway blood takes through the heart

Answer 13

Deoxygenated-vena cava-right atrium-tricuspid valve- right ventricle-pulmonary valve-pulmonary arteries-lungs pick up oxygen-pulmonary veins- left atrium-mitral valve-left ventricle- aortic valve- aorta- body

Question 14

Systole vs diastole

Answer 14

Systole occurs when heart contracts mitral valve closes pulmonary and aortic open.
Diastole heart relaxes atrioventricular valves open semi lunar valves close.

Question 15

Explain how hearts rhythm is controlled

Answer 15

Controlled by electrical conduction

Electrical impulse is generated by the sinotrial node, which forces the heart to contract

Question 16

What is an electrocardiogram what does p qrs and r refer to

Answer 16

Representation of the heart rhythm
P- bump before the spike contraction of atria
Qrs- big spike in the wave contractions of the ventricles
T- larger wave behind the spike relaxation of the heart

Question 17

120/80 refers to

Answer 17

120- systolic pressure in the artery when the heart contracts
80- diastolic pressure in the artery when the heart relaxes

Question 18

Hypertension vs hypotension

Answer 18

Hypertension
High blood pressure age obesity
Stress lack of exercise can lead to heart attack or stroke
Hypotension
Low blood pressure
Dehydration
Anemia
Can lead to dizziness and fainting

Question 19

Function of the respiratory system

Answer 19

Gas exchange between air and blood and blood and cells

Question 20

3 types of respiration

Answer 20

External respiration between alveoli and blood
Internal respiration between blood in the capillaries and the body cells
Cellular respiration occurs within mitochondria of the cells to produce energy for the body

Question 21

What is cellular respiration

Answer 21

How energy is produced in our body it converts sugar and oxygen into energy it produces carbon dioxide and water as products

Question 22

Formula for cellular respiration

Answer 22

C6h12o6 + O2 - co2+h20 (+ energy)

Question 23

What is the source of glucose

Answer 23

Comes from food absorbed through the small intestine into the blood

Question 24

How does the respiratory system help the body maintain homeostasis

Answer 24

Providing a source of oxygen

Question 25

Homeostatic role of the respiratory system

Answer 25

Regulates blood ph and blood oxygen/carbon dioxide

Question 26

Describe anatomical structures that air passes through when a person inhales and exhales

Answer 26

Examples

Question 27

Nasal cavity

Answer 27

Warms the air, filters debris and moistens the air, detects scents

Question 28

Pharynx

Answer 28

Passageway that carries the air (and food for digestive system)

Question 29

Epiglottis

Answer 29

Prevents food from entering trachea

Question 30

Larynx

Answer 30

Voice box

Question 31

Trachea

Answer 31

Oxygen from the pharynx to the bronchi has rings of cartilage to prevent it from closing

Question 32

Bronchi

Answer 32

Leads into the lung

Question 33

Bronchioles

Answer 33

Smaller tubes leading into lungs to the alveoli

Question 34

Alveoli

Answer 34

Place where gas exchange takes place

Question 35

How are muscles involved in inhalation and exhalation

Answer 35

Inhalation muscles in diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract. This causes the pressure in the chest cavity to drop this expands the lungs and air rushes in the trachea and fills the lungs
Exhalation muscles relax pressure increases in the chest cavity air is forced out of the lungs

Question 36

Exercise affect on respiration system

Answer 36

Exercise means more energy so cellular respiration must speed up oxygen is used carbon dioxide is produced the carbon dioxide changes the blood ph which is detected by the medulla oblongata which increases frequency of contractions