Biochem Flashcards
How many molecules of ATP made with each Citric Acid cycle? Also list which energy molecules made
10 ATP
3 NADH, 2 CO2, 1 FADH, 1 GTP
Draw the citric acid cycle
Include enzymes (3 are have regulators), substrates, and energy molecules made
Look at Lange card 2
What are the regulators for following enzymes in Citric Acid cycle:
1) Citrate synthase
2) isocitrate dehydrogenase
3) alpha-ketoglurate dehydrogenase
Following all (-)
1) ATP, NADH, Succinyl CoA
2) ATP, NADH
3) ATP, NADH, Succinyl CoA, GTP
Activator: ADP for Isocitrate dehydrogenase
MC Urea cycle disorder?
It’s only XR one!
Ornithine transcarbamolyase defiency
Fidnings of Ornithine transcarbamylase defiency
Increase orotic acid in blood & urine
decrease BUN
Hyperammoniemia Sx = neurological, lethargy, vomiting, confusion
What is Urea cycle? Draw it!
FA, 106
2 steps in mitchondria, 3 in cytosol
RLS: combination of CO2, NH3, 2 ATP by Cabamoyl Phosphate Synthetase I
What inhibits the Na-K-ATPase pump directly and indirectly?
Ouabain- bind to K+ site (indirectly)
Directly: Cardiac glycosides (digoxin & digitoxin) inhibit Na-K-ATPase
Purpose of Cardiac glycosides?
Inhibit Na-K-ATPase ->
Indirect inhibition of Na/Ca exchange->
↑[Ca]in cell ->
↑ heart contractility
Describe Na-K-ATPase pump activation
- ATP P’s channel (cytoplasmic side), leading to 3Na to exit cell
- When pump De-P, then 2 K enter cell
MC collagen in body? Where is it?
Type I
Bone, Skin, Tendon, dentin, fascia, cornea, late wound repair
“strong tissue”
Where is type II collagen?
Cartilage (including hyaline)
Vitrous body
Nucleus pulposis
“slippery”
Where is type is Type III collagen?
Reticulin- skin, BVs, uterus, fetal tissue, granulation tissue
“bloody tissue”
Where is Type IV collagen?
BM or basal lamina
“under the floor”
Defective type IV collagen in what condition?
Alport syndrome
Defective Type I collagen disease?
Osteogenesis imperfecta
