Biochem test COPY

Question 1

Biochemistry

Answer 1

Is the chemistry of living things (looking at living things on a molecular level

Question 2

Proteins

Answer 2

• Its 3-dimensional structure is vital to the function of the protein
• Breaking down the 3-dimensional structure is called denaturation

Question 3

Monosaccharides

Answer 3

glucose, fructose, and galactose

Question 4

Disaccharides

Answer 4

sucrose, maltose, lactose (know which monosaccharides unite to create each)

Question 5

Know firms of lipids

Answer 5

free fatty acid, cholesterol, triglyceride, and phopholipid

Question 6

Triglycerides

Answer 6

Trimesters of glycerol with fatty acids

Question 7

Phospholipids

Answer 7

Glycerol attached to 2 fatty acids and 1 phosphate group

Question 8

Steroids

Answer 8

Characterized by 4 linked carbon rings

Question 9

Nucleic Acids

Answer 9

made of nucleotides
Phosphate group
5 carbon sugar
cyclic amine (nitrogen containing organic base)

Question 10

DNA

Answer 10

sugar is deoxyribose
one of the following amine bases
adenine (A)
guanine (G)
cytosine (C)
thymine (T)

Question 11

RNA

Answer 11

sugar is ribose
one of the following amine bases
adenine (A)
guanine (G)
cytosine (C)
uracil (U)

Question 12

Base Pairing

Answer 12

A with T or U, C with G

Question 13

DNA and Protein SYnthesis

Answer 13

know stuff

Question 14

Chemicals of life: Carbs

Answer 14

(starch)

• Iodine test
• The solution turns from dark-yellow brown to purple (dark) in the presence of carbs

Question 15

Chemicals of life: Proteins

Answer 15

(gelatin)

• Biuret solution test
• The solution turns from light blue to purple (violet)

Question 16

Chemicals of life: Mineral oil

Answer 16

(mineral oil)

• Sudan (III) solution test
• The solution is pale yellow/orange  no lipids
• The solution forms layers  -top layer pale pink-orange

Question 17

Chemicals of life: Nucleic Acids

Answer 17

(DNA)

• Diphenylamine test
• Heat for 10-20 minutes
• Solution milky white at first
• Solution turns purple  DNA
• Solution turns green  RNA
• Our solution tested positive for DNA

Question 18

Milk Is A Natural: Milk Proteins-3 biggies

Answer 18

Casein, lactalbumin, and lactoglobulin

Question 19

Lab: Milk Is A Natural: Buiret Test

Answer 19

When a protein reacts with copper (II) sulfate in the Buiret solution andin the presence of a strong base (sodium hydroxide), the copper (II) ions bind to the nitrogen atoms and the carbonyl groups in the protein to form a stable PURPLE complex

Question 20

Lab: Milk Is A Natural: Disaccarides

Answer 20

sucrose (table sugar), maltose (malt sugar), and lactose (milk sugar)

Question 21

Lab: Milk Is A Natural: Polysaccharides

Answer 21

Starch and cellulose and glycogen

Question 22

Lab: Milk Is A Natural: Benedicts

Answer 22

The intense blue color of Benedict’s solution fades during a positive test result, which is maeked by the formation of an orange-red precipitate of Copper (I) oxides when heated

Question 23

Lab: Milk Is A Natural: Step one

Answer 23

treat skim milk with acetic acid and gently heat

• As the pH of the milk falls, the Calcium ions that are bound to the phosphate in casein are replaced with hydrogen  casein precipitates from solution (dry overnight at room temp  white solid)
• The filtrate liquid contains the remaining milk proteins (L& L– see below) and carbs
• Biuret test to confirm protein

Question 24

Lab: Milk Is A Natural: Experiment

Answer 24

-Casein protein seperated first with addition of acetic acid
-Lactalbumin and lactoglobulin proteins seperated second with the addition heat
-Only remaining cpd in solution was lactose
Sample placed on watchglass and water boiled off  could visibly see the clear sugar residue

Question 25

Lab: Milk Is A Natural: Testing performed

Answer 25

In the control samples, protein turned the blue biuret solution purple and carbs turned the blue benedict’s solution orange red.

Question 26

Lab: Cheese Making Kit Enzymes

Answer 26

• Enzymes are proteins that catalyze specific biological reactions.
• -Most biological reactions would be too slow for living systems
• -As catalysts, enzymes are not consumed in the reaction
• The lock-and-key model of enzyme activity says that enzymes function by binding to the reacting molecule
• In order for the reaction to take place, the substrate must bind to the enzyme by fitting into a specific part of the enzyme called the active site
• After reaction has taken place, the products no longer fit well into the active site and are released from the enzyme