Biological molecules

Question 1

What are polysaccharides?

Answer 1

Carbohydrates made up of repeating units

Question 2

Where is starch found

Answer 2

In plants and storage organs

Question 3

what are the repeating units of starch

Answer 3

Alpha glucose

Question 4

What is a benefit of starch being coiled

Answer 4

compact so more can fit in a small space

Question 5

Benefit of starch being insoluble

Answer 5

doesn’t effect osmatic balance

Question 6

Test to find Starch

Answer 6

Turned blue-black in iodine in potassium iodide solution

Question 7

What is glycogen composed of?

Answer 7

Alpha glucose

Question 8

where is glycogen found

Answer 8

in muscles and liver

Question 9

Is glycogen branched or unbranched

Answer 9

branched

Question 10

How is glycogen a good energy store?

Answer 10

easily hydrolysed back into glucose

Question 11

What is cellulose composed of

Answer 11

Beta glucose

Question 12

What branches to cellulose form?

Answer 12

straight and unbranched

Question 13

What does cellulose provide to plants?

Answer 13

Rigidity

Question 14

How is water a good metabolite?

Answer 14

It is involved in condensation reactions as water is lost as a new bond is formed and during a hydrolysis reaction to form a new bond. Energy released from ATP is released from a hydrolysis reaction.

Question 15

How is water a good slovent?

Answer 15

Because water is polar, the slightly positive charged end of the molecule will be attracted to the negative ion.
This means ions will totally get surrounded by water molecules- they will dissolve.
Organisms can take up minerals which are found in the dissolved in water and can be transported around the body.

Question 16

Role of waters high latent heat of vaporisation

Answer 16

Water evaporates when hydrogen bonds holding it together are broken thus allowing water molecules on the surface to escape into the air.
This is useful as it allows organisms to to use water loss to cool down without loosing too much.

Question 17

Specific heat capacity

Answer 17

Water doesn’t experience rapid temp change making water a good habitat as the temp under water is likely to be more stable than on land. Maintains internal body temp for organisms

Question 18

Very cohesive

Answer 18

Cohesion is the attraction between the molecules of the same type. Strong cohesion helps water to flow making it great at transporting substances