Biology

Question 1

Genetics

Answer 1

the study of genes

Question 2

Heredity

Answer 2

The passing of specific characteristics from one generation to another

Question 3

Haploid Cell

Answer 3

Have half a set of chromosomes

Question 4

Diploid Cells

Answer 4

Contain a full set of chromosomes

Question 5

Genotype

Answer 5

the types of genes present

Question 6

Phenotype

Answer 6

appearance of the genotype present

Question 7

Homozygous

Answer 7

two of the same alleles

Question 8

Heterozygous

Answer 8

two different alleles

Question 9

True Breeding

Answer 9

constantly producing offspring the same as a parent for a particular trait

Question 10

Dominant

Answer 10

traits that are expressed

Question 11

Recessive

Answer 11

traits thats are covered up

Question 12

DNA

Answer 12

deoxyribonucleic acid. a very long molecule made up of genes.

Question 13

Gametes

Answer 13

reproductive cells (sperm or ovum) that come together to form a new organism (baby)

Question 14

Alleles

Answer 14

different forms of genes

Question 15

Chromosomes

Answer 15

in the nucleic of each cells, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures

Question 16

Mutations

Answer 16

Any spontaneous change in a gene or chromosomes that may produce an alteration in the characteristics for which it codes

Question 17

Co-dominance

Answer 17

a phenotype combination of heterozygous and homozygous

Question 18

Continuous and Discontinuous Variations

Answer 18

height and weight. colour

Question 19

DNA Complementary Base Pairs

Answer 19

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

Question 20

RNA Complementary Base Pairs

Answer 20

Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine

Question 21

What Parts Make Up DNA

Answer 21

sugar and phosphate chain

complementary base pairs

Question 22

Codons

Answer 22

a sequence of three nucleotides that together form a unit of genetic code in DNA and RNA molecules. GAT

Question 23

Meiosis

Answer 23

a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells only having half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell

Question 24

Mitosis

Answer 24

a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells being an exact copy of the parent cell

Question 25

Mutagens

Answer 25

an agent which causes genetic mutation. X-rays, gamma rays and ultra violet light

Question 26

Good and Bad Mutations

Answer 26

good - new and improved organisms. bad - causes bad diseases

Question 27

Single Gene Mutations

Answer 27

a section of DNA being incorrectly copied - sickle-cell anaemia

Question 28

Whole Chromosome Mutation

Answer 28

mutations involving whole chromosomes. some chromosomes may break off and rejoin or get lost or added. the gamete has an extra chromosome

Question 29

Selective Breeding

Answer 29

intentional breeding to produce an offspring with a selected characteristic or to eliminate a trait

Question 30

Gene Therapy

Answer 30

the use of genetic engineering to transplant genes into human cells to cure a genetically caused disease

Question 31

Advantages of GMO food

Answer 31

production will increase, food will stay riper longer and its more environmentally friendly

Question 32

Disadvantages of GMO food

Answer 32

its not natural, doesn’t necessarily solve world hunger

Question 33

What are Plasmids

Answer 33

circular pieces of DNA in bacteria. human DNA can be inserted into plasmids to correct mutations.

Question 34

Nuclide

Answer 34

It’s in the nucleus inside the DNA. It connects the sugar to the phosphate and the base (S-P-B)