Biology Ch. 7 Part 1 Vocab

Question 1

Cell

Answer 1

Basic unit of structure and organization of all living organisms

Question 2

Cell theory

Answer 2

Organisms are more than 1 cell
Cells are the basic unit of life
All cells come from other cells

Question 3

Cytoplasm

Answer 3

Semi fluid inside the cells plasma membrane

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Center of an atom, contains protons and neutrons

Question 5

Prokaryotic Cells

Answer 5

Cells without nucleus or other membrane bound organelles

Question 6

Eukaryotic Cells

Answer 6

Cells with membrane bound nuclei and organelles

Question 7

Organelles

Answer 7

Specialized internal cell structure that carries out specific cell functions such as protein synthesis and energy transformation

Question 8

Phospholipid bilayer

Answer 8

Plasma membrane layers composed of phospholipid molecules arranged with polar heads facing the outside and nonpolar tails facing the inside

Question 9

Chromosomes

Answer 9

DNA containing structure that carries genetic material from one generation to the other

Question 10

Ribosomes

Answer 10

Simple cell organelle that helps manufacture protein

Question 11

Plasma membrane

Answer 11

Flexible, selectively permeable boundary that helps control what enters and leaves the cell

Question 12

Mitochondria

Answer 12

Membrane-bound organelle that converts fuel into energy that is available to the rest of the cell.

Question 13

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 13

Highly folded membrane system in a eukaryotic cell that is the site for protein and lipid synthesis

Question 14

Golgi apparatus

Answer 14

Flattened stack of tubular membranes that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins not vesicles and transports to other organelles or out of the cell

Question 15

Lysosomes

Answer 15

Vesicle that uses enzymes to digest excess or worn out cellular substances

Question 16

Cytoskeleton

Answer 16

Supporting network of protein fibers that provide a framework for the cell within the cytoplasm

Question 17

Centrioles

Answer 17

Organelle that plays a role in cell division and is made of microtubules

Question 18

Cell Wall

Answer 18

In plants, the rigid barrier that surrounds the outside of the plasma membrane, is made of cellulose, that provides support and protection for the cell.

Question 19

Cilium

Answer 19

Short hairlike projection that functions in cell movement

Question 20

Flagellum

Answer 20

Long, tail like projection with whiplike or propeller motion that helps a cell move

Question 21

Chloroplast

Answer 21

Double membrane organelle that captures light energy and converts it to chemical energy through photosynthesis

Question 22

Fluid Mosaic Model

Answer 22

A plasma membrane model with components constantly in motion, sliding past one another within the lipid bilayer