Biology Terms 9 Flashcards
Allele
Are sequences that code for a gene (Dom. & Res.)
Gene
Unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring
Trait
Is a feature of an organism
Self-pollination
When pollen is transferred to a stigma from the same plant
Cross-pollination
Pollination of a flower or plant with pollen from another flower or plant
True Breeding
Organisms are genetically identical and have identical alleles for specified traits
Heterozygous
Having two different alleles of a particular gene or genes, and so giving rise to varying offspring
Homozygous
Having two identical alleles of a particular gene or genes (Dom. Or Res.)
Phenotype
The set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment (physical characteristics, what you see)
Genotype
Genetic constitution of an individual organism
Monohybrid
Cross between parents with different alleles for a single gene locus of interest (1 trait )
Dihybrid
A genetic cross involving two gene loci, each with two different alleles ( 2 traits )
Codominance
A form of dominance in which the alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are fully expressed thereby resulting in offspring with a phenotype that is neither dominant nor recessive ( Both traits )
Multiple Alleles
Three or more alleles for a particular gene
Incomplete Dominance
A form of Dominance occurring in heterozygotes in which the dominant allele is only partially expresses, and usually resulting in an offspring with an intermediate phenotype (Traits blend )
