Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

From Flashcardlet > Biology Unit 1 > Flashcards

Biology Unit 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Biosphere

A

All the environments on earth that support life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Biology

A

Scientific study of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ecosystem

A

All living and non living organisms in an area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Community

A

All organisms in the tide pool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Population

A

Group of interacting organisms of the same species within a community

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Organism

A

Individual living thing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Organ system

A

Group of two or more organs in an organisms body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Organ

A

Something the body needs to survive, within an organ system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Tissue

A

Makes up an organ, group of cells performing similar functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cell

A

Smallest unit within tissue that can display all characteristics of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Organelles

A

Functional components of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Molecules and atoms

A

Molecules are made of atoms, they are chemical units that give the cell the properties of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Classification hierarchy

A 
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Specific epithet
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Species name

A

Genus+specific epithet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Common characteristics of life

A

Movement, reproduction, adaptation, growth and development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Charles Darwin

A

Introduced natural selection, descent with modification, common ancestors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Natural selection

A

Favorable characteristics accumulate over time, new species can evolve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Species

A

Basic unit of classifying different organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Greek Species Concept

A

Aristotle and Theophrastus, species are unstable and highly changeable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Typological Species Concept

A

All members of a species were of one basic type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Great Chain of Being

A

Species were fixed into place by god

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Biogeography

A

Study of distribution of animals

22
Q

Biodiversity

A

All the currently existing species

23
Q

Biological Counterparts

A

Animals that possess similar adaptations

24
Q

Embryology

A

Studying human embryos and comparing them with embryos of another animal

25
Q

Vestigial Structures

A

Structures we are born with that we do not need

Ex) humans: appendix Flightless birds:wings

26
Q

Homologous structures

A

Something that exists on multiple animals that has the same underlying structure but serves a different purpose
Ex) human arm, cat arm, whale forelimb

27
Q

Nicolaus Steno

A

Examined sharks head, shark teeth resembled stones

First to recognize that fossils were remnants of past animals

28
Q

Why is a solid in a solid?

A

Proposed by Nicolaus Steno
Some rocks are made of mud, sand, and other materials; encased teeth and other objects, then geological processes transformed it into stone

29
Q

Artificial selection

A

Domestication of animals and plants by humans; examples of life’s plasticity

30
Q

Prokaryotic cell

A

Much simpler and smaller than eukaryotic cell

31
Q

Eukaryotic cell

A

Divided by internal membranes into different functional components called organelles

32
Q

Genes

A

Units of inheritance that pass traits onto offspring

33
Q

Three Domains of Life

A

Bacteria (prokaryotes), Archaea (prokaryotes), and Eukarya (eukaryotes)

34
Q

Three Kingdoms of Eukarya

A

Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia. Most members are multicellular.

35
Q

Protista

A

Single celled eukaryotes; they don’t fit into any of the three kingdoms

36
Q

Science

A

Approach to understanding the natural world that is based on inquiry

37
Q

Discovery science

A

Verifiable observations and measurements

38
Q

Hypothesis

A

Explanation to a question that needs to be tested

39
Q

Scientific method

A

Formal process of inquiry

40
Q

Theory

A

Something that has been tested once, not a proven fact

41
Q

Fact

A

Something that has been tested many times and produces the same results

42
Q

Autotroph

A

Organism that creates its own food

43
Q

Heterotrophs

A

Organisms that can’t create their own food

44
Q

Linnaeus

A

Designed the naming system-binomial nomenclature

Genus+specific epithet

45
Q

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

A

One of first to start formulating evolutionary theories
Change occurs over time
Adaptations to environment are acquired in the organisms lifetime
Law of Use and Disuse

46
Q

Darwin’s Finches

A

Discovered on Galápagos Islands

They had different beaks according to what food they gathered

47
Q

Glyptodonts and Armadillos

A

Darwin found fossils of extinct glyptodonts which resembled armadillos. Could armadillos have descended from them?

48
Q

James Hutton

A

Gradualism-geological forces gradually change life on earth

49
Q

Charles Lyell

A

Uniformitarianism-geological processes at uniform rates shaped the earth

50
Q

George Cuvier

A

Catastrophism-species disappear due to catastrophic events

51
Q

Thomas Malthus

A

Children are born faster than people are dying- we will soon have food and resource shortage

52
Q

Lysenko

A

Inheriting environmentally acquired traits

Did breeding programs in Russia

53
Q

Erasmus Darwin

A

Grandfather of Charles Darwin, published two books that coined many of the English named of plants we use today

From Flashcardlet (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions