BIOSYCHOLOGY (NEUORNS AND NEUROTRANSMITTERS) Flashcards
what does the sensory neuron do
UNIPOLAR
carries messages from the peripheral nervous system to the brain and spinal cord (CNS)
what does the relay neuron do
MULIPOLAR
transfers messages from sensory neuron to other interconnecting neurons or the motor neuron
what does the motor neuron do
MULTIPOLAR
carries messages from CNS to glands and muscles
what do dendrites do
carry nerve impulses to cell body
what does the cell body do
contains genetic material / nucleus
what does the axon do
protected by the myelin sheath which speeds up transmittion. Where the electrical signal passes along
job of excitatory neuron
make it more likely for the next neuron to fire
job of inhibitory neuron
make it less likely for a neuron to fire
what happens to the neuron in an excitatory neuron
neurotransmitter increases positive charge —-> once the positive charge reaches threshold depolarisation occurs and neurons fire
what happens to the neuron in an inhibitory neuron
increases negative charge —> keeps charge below threshold —> less chance of depolarisation which leads to a less change of a post synaptic neuron to fire
give an example of an hormone which help the inhibitory neuron
SEROTONIN AND GABA
give an example of a hormone which help with the excitatory neuron
ACETYCHOLINE AND ADRENALINE
role of nodes of ranvier
speeds up the transmission of the impulse
recall the process of synaptic transmission
nerve impulse travels down an axon
nerve impulse reaches synaptic terminal
triggers the release of neurotransmitters
neurotransmitters are fired into the synaptic gap
neurotransmitter bind with receptors in the dentrite
taken up by post synaptic reunion
continues vie electrical impulses
