Block A

Question 1

Which microbial lifestyle does Prochlorococcus, which fixes carbon dioxide using energy from light, fit into.

Answer 1

Photoheterotrophs

Question 2

Which microbial lifestyle does Bdellovibrio fit into. Bdellovibrio obtains energy from oxidation of amino acids and acetate, and assimilates nutrients (nucleotides, fatty acids, etc.) from host prey cells.

Answer 2

Chemoheterotrophs

Question 3

What is niche construction

Answer 3

when organisms make biochemical changes to shape the dimensions of their habitat

Question 4

What’s pathogenesis

Answer 4

when the microbes cause harm to their host

Question 5

What’s mutualism

Answer 5

when the host and its microbes benefit

Question 6

Pick the most suitable option:
Vibrio cholerae, grows between 20-45C, ph7, 25% NaCl
-Barophile
-Halophile
-Psychrophile
-Xerophile
-Not an extremophile

Answer 6

Halophile

Question 7

Pick the most suitable option:
Deinococcus radiodurans, grows between 40-79C, ph7.5
-Thermophile
-Acidophile
-Psychrophile
-Alkaliphile
-Not an extremophile

Answer 7

Thermophile

Question 8

Describe an Photoautotroph and an example (2 marks)

Answer 8

fixes O², significant proportion of marine plankton like cyanobacteria

Question 9

Describe an Chemoautotroph and an example (2 marks)

Answer 9

fixes CO² to make organic compounds, cyanobacterium

Question 10

Describe an Photoheterotroph and an example (2 marks)

Answer 10

light energy used to transfer protons , the gradient is used to generate ATP. this is like halobacterium

Question 11

Describe an Chemoheterotroph and an example (2 marks)

Answer 11

uses organic compounds, most bacterial pathogens are chemoheterotrophs like e.coli

Question 12

What’s a Halophile

Answer 12

Salt/ sodium chloride loving bacteria