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AP II LAB > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

1
Q

% of weight blood takes up

A

8%

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2
Q

Male & female blood amount

A

Males: 5-6 L
Females: 4-5 L

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3
Q

Temperature of blood

A

100.4 F

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4
Q

pH of blood

A

7.35 - 7.45 pH

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5
Q

Male and Female Hematocrit %

A

Males: 45-52%
Females: 37-48%

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6
Q

MALE RBC

A

4.6 - 6.2 million/uL

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7
Q

FEMALE RBC

A

4.2 - 5.4 million/uL

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8
Q

Platelets count

A

130,000 - 360,000/uL

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9
Q

WBC count

A

5,000 - 10,000/uL

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10
Q

What percentage of plasma makes up blood

A

55% of whole blood

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11
Q

What percentage of Erythrocytes make up blood?

A

45%

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12
Q

What is the buffy coat made of?

A

Leukocytes and platelets

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13
Q

What makes up the formed elements

A

Buffy coat and erythrocytes

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14
Q

Blood plasma is made up of what? (3)

A
  • Water (91.5%)
  • Proteins (7%)
  • Other solutes (1.5%)
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15
Q

Proteins in plasma are made up of what?

A

Albumins (54%)
Globulins (38%)
Fibrinogen (7%)
All others (1%)

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16
Q

Other solutes in the blood plasma is made up of what?

A
  • Electrolytes
  • Nutrients
  • Gases
  • Regulatory Substances
  • Waste products
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17
Q

What are two electrolytes included in the other solutes

A
  • Sodium
  • Potassium
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18
Q

What are two nutrients included in the other solutes

A
  • Glucose
  • Amino Acids
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19
Q

What are two gases included in the other solutes

A
  • O2
  • CO2
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20
Q

What regulatory substances are included in the other solutes

A

Hormones
- TSH
- TH

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21
Q

What are three waste products included in the other solutes

A
  • Urea
  • Uric Acid
  • Creatinine
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22
Q

What is the pneumonic for white blood cells?

A

Never Let My Engines Blow

70 - 30 - 6 - 3 - 0

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23
Q

What is a neutrophil?

A

Small phagocyte

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24
Q

What are lymphocytes?

A
  • T-cells
  • B-cells
  • NK cell
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25
Q

What are monocytes?

A

Macrophages

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26
Q

What are Euosinophiles

A

Phagocytes

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27
Q

What do basophils produce?

A
  • Histamine
  • Heparine
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28
Q

Most plasma proteins are made in the _____

A

Liver

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29
Q

What are 3 functions of plasma proteins?

A
  • Defense
  • Clotting
  • Transport
30
Q

What is the most abundant protein?

A

Albumins

31
Q

What do albumins contribute to?

A

Viscosity and osmolarity

(Osmotic pressure)

32
Q

What transports material in the blood and helps to maintain pH?

A

Albumins

33
Q

What do Globulins consist of?

A
  • Alpha protein
  • Beta proteins
  • Gamma proteins
34
Q

Prothrombin and Lipoproteins make up what?

A

Alpha proteins

35
Q

Transferrin, Complement Proteins and Lipoproteins make up what?

A

Beta Proteins

36
Q

The antibodies that make up gamma proteins are secreted by what?

A

B-Cells

37
Q

Fibrinogen —> ______

A

Fibrin

38
Q

Anticoagulants —> ______

A

Heparin

39
Q

Dissolve Clots —>

A

Plasmin

40
Q

The nitrogenous waste products consist of what?

A
  • Urea
  • Creatinine
  • Uric acid
41
Q

What nutrients make up plasma components?

A
  • Amino acids
  • Glucose
  • Fats & Cholesterol
42
Q

What gases make up plasma components?

A
  • O2
  • CO2
  • Dissolved Nitrogen
43
Q

What electrolytes make up plasma components?

A

Sodium and Potassium

44
Q

What hormones make up plasma components?

A
  • TSH
  • TH
45
Q

Main functions of RBCs?

A
  • Transports Gases
  • Viscosity
46
Q

RBC contains what enzyme?

A

Carbonic Anhydrase

47
Q

How would you describe the shape of a RBC?

A

Biconcave

48
Q

Lifespan of RBC?

A

4 months

49
Q

Importance of Carbonic Anhydrase?

A
  • Allows 70% of CO2 to be carried in the plasma
  • Important buffer in extracellular fluid
50
Q

Why is RBC biconcave?

A

To increase surface area

51
Q

How many hemoglobin molecules are present in one RBC

A

280 million hemoglobin molecules

52
Q

RBC production in adults occur where?

A
  • Vertebral Column
  • Ribcage
  • Sternum
53
Q

What are the Granulocytes?

A
  • NeutroPHIL
  • EosinoPHIL
  • BasoPHIL
54
Q

What are the Agranulocytes?

A
  • LymphoCYTE
  • MonoCYTE
55
Q

Describe what a Neutrophil looks like

A
  • Multilobed
  • Pale red and blue
56
Q

Describe what a Eosinophil looks like

A
  • Bilobed
  • Orange-Red
57
Q

Describe what a Basophil looks like

A
  • Grainy
  • purplish-black
58
Q

Describe what a Lymphocyte looks like

A
  • Large spherical nucleus
  • Pale blue cytoplasm
59
Q

Describe what a Monocyte looks like

A
  • Kidney-shaped
  • Pale blue cytoplasm
60
Q

Neutrophils have how many lobes?

A

2-5 lobes

61
Q

What do neutrophils do?

A
  • Treat bacterial infections
  • Phagocytosis
62
Q

What do Eosinophils do?

A

Destroy large parasites; hookworms and tapeworms

63
Q

What do basophils secrete?

A
  • Histamine
  • Heparin
  • Chemotactic factors
64
Q

What do Lymphocytes do?

A

Via B-cells: secretion of antibodies
Via T-cells: helps mediate immune response, direct cell attack, and natural killer cells

65
Q

What do monocytes do?

A
  • phagocytosis
  • antigen presenting cells
66
Q

What attacks cancer cells?

A

Lymphocytes via T-cells

67
Q

What treats bacterial infections?

A

Neutrophils

68
Q

What treats parasitic worms?

A

Eosinphils

69
Q

What attacks chickenpox-diabetes-polycythemia

A

Basophils

70
Q

What secretes histamine and heparin

A

Basophils

71
Q

What treats viral infections

A

Monocytes

AP II LAB (4 decks)

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