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Histology II > Blood vessels and Heart > Flashcards

Blood vessels and Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Arteries are _____ and have more _____ _____ than veins.

A

thicker; smooth muscle

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2
Q

Veins are _____ and have a larger _____ than arteries

A

thinner; lumen

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3
Q

_____ have valves extending from the endothelial lining.

A

Veins

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4
Q

Collectively, in the lower extremities, veins act as a _____ _____.

A

blood

reservoir

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5
Q

_____ are the smallest vessels and allow the passage of blood cells single file.

A

Capillaries

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6
Q

Tunica intima has how many layers in blood vessel and what are they?

A

3 layers:

  • Endothelial layer (innermost)
  • Basal lamina of endothelium
  • Subendothelial layer
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7
Q

Which layer of Tunica intima consists of a single

layer of squamous epithelial cells (simple squamous)?

A

Endothelial layer (innermost)

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8
Q

Endothelial layer (innermost) of Tunica intima:

  • Synthesizes molecules needed in _____ formation
  • Synthesize molecules needed in _____ _____ processes
A

thrombus; acute inflammatory

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9
Q

Subendothelial layer of Tunica intima is made up of loose connective
tissue and an _____ _____ membrane that contains a
_____ _____membrane.

A

internal elastic membrane; fenestrated elastic membrane

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10
Q

Subendothelial layer of Tunica intima has fenestrations allow for diffusion between the _____ and _____ ( external ) area of the vessel.

A

endothelium; deep

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11
Q

Tunica media of a blood vessel consists mainly of _____ arranged
smooth muscle fibers that, in arteries, is surrounded by an _____ and an _____ elastic membrane.

A

circumferentially; internal; external

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12
Q

The external elastic membrane of Tunica media consists of _____, _____, and _____.

A 
elastin,
reticular fibers ( supporting fibers), and proteoglycans
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13
Q

Tunica Adventitia of a blood vessel consists of _____ arranged collagen fibers and a few elastic fibers. This layer blends with the _____ connective tissue that surrounds vessels.

A

longitudinally; loose

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14
Q

Adventitial layer of blood vessel is _____ in the arterial system and _____ in the venous system.

A

thin; thick

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15
Q

What are the 2 things found in the Adventitial layer of large vessels?

A

Vasa vasorum and Nervi vascularis

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16
Q

What is the function of Vasa vasorum that is found within the Adventitial layer of large vessels?

A

supply the largest arteries and veins with blood supply.

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17
Q

What is the function of Nervi vascularis that is found within the Adventitial layer of large vessels?

A

innervate the smooth muscle for vasoconstriction (decreasing lumen diameter).

18
Q

Does Elastic or Large arteries have all 3 layers?

A

Yes!

19
Q

Tunica intima layer of Elastic or Large arteries:

Endothelial cells are oriented to have their LONG AXIS in the same direction as the _____ _____.

A

blood flow

20
Q

Tunica intima layer of Elastic or Large arteries: They contain _____ _____ to limit diffusion between endothelial cells.

A

tight junctions

21
Q

Tunica _____ is the THICKEST layer of Elastic or Large arteries.

A

Tunica Media

22
Q

Tunica Media of Elastic of Large arteries has _____ fiber arranged in fenestrated sheets or lamellae between the smooth muscle of this layer.

A

elastic

23
Q

Tunica _____ of Elastic or Large arteries consists of collagen, and elastic fibers, fibroblasts and macrophages.

A

Tunica adventitia

24
Q

Does Medium/Muscular arteries have all 3 layers?

A

Yes

25
Q

Which layer of Medium/Muscular arteries have Prominent internal elastic membrane?

A

Tunica intima

26
Q

Tunica media of Medium/Muscular arteries consists mainly of smooth muscle arranged circumferentially, but in a _____ fashion.

A

spiral

27
Q

Tunica media of Medium/Muscular arteries has smooth muscle that helps in the maintenance of _____ _____.

A

blood pressure

28
Q

Tunica adventitia of Medium/Muscular arteries has _____ thickness to the tunica media.

A

EQUAL

29
Q

Tunica _____ of Medium/Muscular arteries consists of collagen, and elastic fibers, few fibroblasts and adipose tissue.

A

Tunica adventitia

30
Q

Tunica adventitia of Medium/Muscular arteries contains Nervi vascularis and vasa vasorum which give branches to the tunica _____.

A

Tunica media

31
Q

Small arteries has ~_ layers of _____ muscle in the

tunica media.

A

8; smooth

32
Q

Does Arterioles have all 3 layers?

A

Yes

33
Q

(T/F): Internal elastic membrane usually present for Small Arteries.

A

True

34
Q

Small _____ have thin ill- defined tunica adventitia.

A

Arteries

35
Q

(T/F): Tunica intima of Arterioles may or may not have an internal elastic membrane.

A

Yes

36
Q

Tunica media of Arterioles have gap junctions found between the _____ cells and the _____ muscle cells of the tunica media.

A

endothelial; smooth

37
Q

How many layers of SMOOTH muscle does Tunica media of Arterioles have?

A

1-2 layers

38
Q

Tunica media of Arterioles: The smooth muscle (1- 2 layers) plays an important role in diverting blood flow to where it is needed by shutting down flow to capillary beds in un-needed areas. These layers of smooth muscle act as _____ _____.

A

PRECAPILLARY SPHINCTERS!

39
Q

Tunica _____ of Arterioles are very thin, ill-defined layer.

A

Adventitia

40
Q

Arterioles can dilate ~ ___ - ___% from the resting diameter.

A

60 – 100 %

41
Q

Does Capillaries have Tunica Media and Adventitia?

A

No

Histology II (1 decks)

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