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MMI > Bloodborne Pathogens > Flashcards

Bloodborne Pathogens Flashcards

1
Q

Big 3 of bloodborne pathogens

A

Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
HIV

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2
Q

Hepatitis B Virus

A

Circular dsDNA

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3
Q

Acute HBV Serology

A

HBsAg (+)

HBeAg(+)

Anti-HBc-IgM (+)

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4
Q

Cleared HBV Serology

A

Anti-HBs IgG (+)

Anti-HBe IgG (+)

Anti-HBc IgG (+)

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5
Q

Chronic High Risk HBV Serology

A

HBsAg (+)

HBeAg (+)

Anti-HBc IgG (+)

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6
Q

Chronic Low RIsk HBV Serology

A

HBsAg (+)

Anti-HBe IgG (+)

Anti-HBc IgG (+)

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7
Q

Vaccinated HBV Serology

A

Anti-HBs IgG (+)

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8
Q

Hepatitis C Virus

A

+ssRNA, Enveloped

blood-borne

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9
Q

HIV

A

2 copies of +ssRNA, Enveloped

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10
Q

HIV polyproteins

A

Gag
Pol
Env

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11
Q

Retroviral Enzymes in Pol

A

RT
Integrase
Protease

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12
Q

Early HIV

A

gp120 uses CCR5 Co-Receptor

M tropic: R5 Virus

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13
Q

Late HIV

A

mutations in gp120 change co CXCR4 only found on T Cells

T Tropic, X4 virus

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14
Q

Yersinia Pestis

A

Gram - Rod: bipolar safety-pin shaped

non-lactose fermenting
Intracellular
Coagulase (+)

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15
Q

Yersinia Virulence

A

F1 Ag blocks phagocytosis

Type III secretion system suppresses cytokine production

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16
Q

Yersinia Pathogenesis

A

release LPS

systemic toxicity: cutaneous hemorrhagic necrosis

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17
Q

Francisella Tularensis

A

Gram - Rod

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18
Q

Francisella Virulence

A

Intracellular

Polysaccharide capsule inhibits phago-lysosome fusion

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19
Q

Francisells infects

A

monocytes
macrophages
endothelial cells
hepatocytes

20
Q

Tularemia disease

A

fever, chills, malaise

ulceroglandular phase
oculoglandular phase
pneumonic phase

21
Q

Tularemia Agars

A

Chocolate Agar

Buffered Charcoal Yeast Extract Agar

22
Q

Tularemia Treatment

A

Streptomycin

Gentamicin

23
Q

Brucella

A

Gram - rods, aerobic

24
Q

Brucella transmission

A

Unpasteurized dairy

direct contact with infected animal

25
Q

Brucella targets

A

mononuclear phagocytic system: intracellular growth

26
Q

Undulant Fever

A

Caused by Brucella

Intensity of fever and symptoms recur and recede 10 day intervals

27
Q

Brucella diagnosis

A

slow growth: incubate 2 weeks

Agar supplemented with horse RBC’s

Serum Agglutination

28
Q

Treat Brucella

A

Doxycycline with Rifampin

29
Q

Borrelia Burgdorferi

A

Lyme Disease

spirochete with gram - like structure

30
Q

Lyme Stage 1

A

Rash: erythema Migrans

31
Q

Lyme Stage 2

A

Dissemination

Facial Nerve palsy, meningitis
Carditis, transient arthritis

32
Q

Lyme Stage 3

A

chronic inflammation, arthritis, CNS

33
Q

Relapsing Fever

A

Caused by Borrelia

ticks or body lice bite

Symptoms last about a week: disappear and return a few days later

spirochetes with new Ag at every relapse

34
Q

Treat Borrelia

A

Doxycycline
Erythromycin

35
Q

Ebola and Marburg

A

Bat vector, primate intermediate

Africa

  • ssRNA, enveloped, filamentous
36
Q

Lassa Fever

A

Rat urine/feces in Africa

-ssRNA 2 segments, enveloped

37
Q

Dengue and Yellow Fever

A

Mosquito Vector

+ssRNA, enveloped

38
Q

DENV clinical

A

1st: midl infection
2nd: joint pian, HA, eye pain, rash, potential hemorrhagic/shock syndrome

39
Q

YF

A

hepatic/renal problems
jaundice
hemorrhage/multiorgan dysfunction

40
Q

Hantavirus and Crimeon-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever

A

Rodent Vector: hanta
Tick Vecotr: CCHF

-ssRNA, 3 segments, enveloped

41
Q

Hanta

A

hemorrhagic fever
renal syndrome

42
Q

CCHF

A

HA, myalgia, fatigue, nausea, vomit

43
Q

P. Vivax and Ovale

A

10-17 day incubation

48 hour recurrence: benign tertiary

flu like: rupture of erythrocytes liberate merozoites:toxic cellular debris and Hb into circulation

44
Q

P. Malariae

A

18-40 day incubation

Every 72 hours: quartan

Flue like

45
Q

P. Falciparum

A

7-10 day incubation

irregular fever spikes on 48 hour cycle: malignant tertian

flue like then rapidly produces daily attacks

Cerebral malaria, blackwater fever-kidney damage, thrombosis

46
Q

Babesia Smear shows

A

Maltese Cross

MMI (4 decks)

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