Bones And Muscles

Question 1

Name the four types of bones

Answer 1

• Long bones
• Short bones
• Flat bones
• Irregular bones

Question 2

What are the functions of the skeleton?

Answer 2

Structure-shape and attachment sites
Support-posture+vital organs
Protection-flat bones
Storage of minerals-healthy, bodily functions
Movement- short and long bones
Blood Cell Production- white and red

Question 3

Name the three types of joint types

Answer 3

• Hinge
• Ball and socket
• Synovial

Question 4

What does the synovial fluid and membrane do?

Answer 4

Fluid-Stops bones rubbing together

Membrane-Releases synovial fluid

Question 5

What does the ligament and tendon do?

Answer 5

Tendon-String to aid movement

Ligament-Joins bone to bone which stabilizes the joint

Question 6

Name and describe the different types of movements

Answer 6

Abduction- Away from the midline of the body
Addiction- Towards midline of the body
Rotation-Circular movement around a joint or axis
Flexion- decrease at a joint
Extension- Increase
Plantar Flexion- Increase at ankle
Dorsi Flexion- Decrease at ankle

Question 7

What does the cartilage and bursae do?

Answer 7

Cartilage-Causes shock absorption at the end of bones

Bursae-Reduces friction between tendon to bone

Question 8

What does the joint capsule do?

Answer 8

Encloses, supports and holds the bones together. It also stops synovial fluid from leaking out

Question 9

Abduction, adduction and rotation at the shoulder is caused by what agonist muscle?

Answer 9

Abduction-Deltoids
Adduction -Latissimus dorsi
Rotation-Rotator cuffs

Question 10

Name and describe the four different types of muscle contractions.

Answer 10

Isotonic- muscle changes length
Isometric- muscle stays the same length
Concentric- muscle shortens
Eccentric-muscle lengthens