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Therio scs RUSVM COPY > Bovine: Ostetrics and Periparturient period > Flashcards

Bovine: Ostetrics and Periparturient period Flashcards

1
Q

When referring to ostetrical management, what does mutation mean?

a. Turning the fetus on its transverse axis into cranial or caudal position
b. Process by which fetus is restored to deliverable fashion
c. Presence of a fetal monster
d. Turning the fetus on its longitudinal axis

A

b. Process by which fetus is restored to deliverable positoin

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2
Q

When referring to ostetrical management, what does version mean?

a. Turning the fetus on its transverse axis into cranial or caudal position
b. Process by which fetus is restored to deliverable fashion
c. Presence of a fetal monster
d. Turning the fetus on its longitudinal axis

A

a. Turning the fetus on its transverse axis into cranial or caudal position

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3
Q

What’s this?

A

Head snare

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4
Q

What are these?

A

OB handles

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5
Q

What’s this?

A

Krey hook

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6
Q

What’s this?

A

Cornell detorsion rod

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7
Q

T/F: When using traction to pull out a fetus it is advisable to place equal traction on both forelimbs simultaneously.

A

False, can result in shoulder lock- should place traction on one then the opposite forelimb

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8
Q

What lube do you use for dystocia management?

a. KY Jelly
b. OB Lube
c. Uterus Lube
d. J-Lube

A

b. OB Lube

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9
Q

What can be done of the vulva fails to dilate during parturiton?

A

Perform episiotomy

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10
Q

When extracting a fetus, what can you do to prevent hip lock?

A

Rotate the calf as the head emerges

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11
Q

What is a common consequence of making an episiotomy incision too long?

A

Pneumovagina

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12
Q

Which has less potential impact on future fertility and milk production, a fetotomy or c-section?

A

Fetotomy

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13
Q

A fetus is breech and dead with the uterus contracted around it, do you perform a c-section or fetotomy?

A

C-section, not a candidate for fetotomy if uterus has contracted around the fetus

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14
Q

Which of these is not required for a fetotomy?

a. Epidural
b. Assistance
c. Lubrication
d. Lateral recumbent position
e. A stomach tube

A

d. Lateral recumbent position

Usually done standing, if cow is lying down then vet has to lie down

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15
Q

What’s this?

A

Fetotome

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16
Q

What form of fetotomy is most common, full or partial?

A

Partial

Amputation of head, neck, or limbs

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17
Q

T/F: When dividing the pelvis during a full fetotomy, it must be divided diagonally.

A

True

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18
Q

Which 2 exbolics can be used in fetotomy aftercare?

A

Oxytocin

Lutalyse

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19
Q

What are the 5 most common reasons for performing a C-section?

A
  1. Fetal oversize
  2. Incomplete cervical dialtion or cervical closure on a dead fetus
  3. Irreducible uterine torsion
  4. Fetal deformity
  5. Errors of fetal presentation, postion, or posture
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20
Q

How should you deliver a fetus with schistosomus reflexus, fetotomy or c-section?

A

C-section

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21
Q

What structure must you watch out for when performing a ventral midline/paramedian approach to a c-section? Is this critial in dairy or beef cows?

A

Milk vein / Subcutaneous abdominal vein

Dairy cows

22
Q

Why is xylazine contraindictd for a c-section?

A

Causes smooth muscle (i.e. uterine) muscle contraction

23
Q

In addition to providing analgesia, what purpose does an epidural serve when performing a c-section?

A

Reduces straining

24
Q

Which approach for a c-section can be problematic if the calf is very small or if the pregnancy is in the right horn?

A

Standing flank

25
Q

What pattern is used to close the uterus after a c-section? What are the 3 goals of uterine closure?

A

Inverted pattern Utecht, Cushing, Lembert

  1. Serosa to serosa apposition
  2. Tight seal (no leaking)
  3. Minimal suture/knot exposure
26
Q

What size suture do you use to close the uterus?

A

1 or #2

Note: NOT the same as 1.0 or 2.0

27
Q

What is another name for the Baseball stitch?

A

Utrecht pattern

28
Q

Why is it better to leave the placenta intact when performing a c-section?

A

Separating caruncles and cotyledons causes a lot of hemorrhage

29
Q

What is the only NSAID that is labeled for use in cattle?

A

Flunixin meglumine

30
Q

Herefords and Shorthorns are predisposed to which heritable periparturient condition?

A

Vaginal prolapse

31
Q

How many grades of vaginal prolapse are there?

A

4

32
Q

What is the grade of vaginal prolapse is it if the cervix and most of the vaginal floor protrude permanently?

A

Grade 3

33
Q

What grade of vaginal prolapse is this?

A

Grade 4

Note necrosis indicating that the tissues have been exposed for a prolonged period

34
Q

What can be used to reduce edema of a vaginal prolapse?

A

Sugar and squeezing

35
Q

What can be done to prevent vaginal prolapse? Which ones allow for parturition without removal

A

Buhner technique

Halstead technique (Horizontal mattress)

Bootlase

Jorvet prolapse kit - parturition without removal

Minchex technique - parturition without removal

36
Q

What’s this?

A

Buhner needle

37
Q

What technique is this? What is it’s purpose?

A

Halsted

To prevent vaginal prolapse

38
Q

What technique is this? What is it’s purpose?

A

Minchev Technique

For anchoring the dorsal vagina to prevent vaginal prolapse

39
Q

When performing a c-section which approach allows the cow to stay standing and gives moderate exposure?

a. Ventral midline
b. Left flank
c. Left paramedian
d. Right paramedian

A

b. Left flank

40
Q

T/F: A cow with a history of vaginal prolapse is more likely to develop a uterine prolapse.

A

False, no relationship between these

41
Q

What are predisposing factors for uterine prolapse (there are at least 4)?

A

Dystocia

Hypocalcemia

Uterine inertia

Straining

Using a calf-jack too aggressively (Most common cause)

42
Q

Uterine prolapse begins with the inversion of ___________.

A

One uterine horn

43
Q

What is the risk of trailering a cow with a uterine prolapse?

A

Rupture of the middle uterine artery

Which is why you must travel to the farm

44
Q

In what position should a recumbent cow with a uterine prolapse be kept in?

A

In sternal with caudally extended hindlimbs (Frog leg)

To tilt pelvis forward

45
Q

What is given after reduction of a uterine prolapse to prevent recurrence?

A

Oxytocin

46
Q

T/F: Recurrence is likely in a cow who has had a uterine prolapse in the past.

A

False

47
Q

What differentiates the degrees of perineal lacerations?

A

Degree of tearing

48
Q

If the tissue is contaminated, how long should you wait to surgically repair a second degree perineal laceration? How long should you wait to repair a third degree laceration?

A

6-8 weeks for both

49
Q

What do you administer in cases of an OB injury resulting in vaginal bleeding?

A

Oxytocin

50
Q

How long does uterine involution usually take postpartum?

a. 10-15 days
b. 25-50days
c. 30-60 days
d. 7-14 days

A

b. 25-50 days

51
Q

What is the most promising therapy for retained fetal membranes?

A

Collagenases injected into the umbilical artery

Not approved in USA

Therio scs RUSVM COPY (17 decks)

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