Brain Anatomy Basics Flashcards
What is the difference between a gyrus and a sulcus?
A gyrus is a bump on the brain’s surface, and a sulcus is a groove.
What is the cerebral cortex?
The cerebral cortex is the brain’s outer layer of grey matter. It is comprised of four main lobes.
What are the four main lobes that comprise the cerebral cortex?
- Frontal lobe
- Parietal lobe
- Temporal lobe
- Occipital lobe
Where is the frontal lobe located?
Anterior (front)
What functions are associated with the frontal lobe?
- reasoning
- planning
- parts of speech
- movement
- emotions
- problem solving
Where is the parietal lobe located?
What functions are associated with the parietal lobe?
- movement
- orientation (spatial)
- recognition
- perception of stimuli
Where is the temporal lobe located?
What functions are associated with the temporal lobe?
- perception/recognition of auditory stimuli
- memory
- speech
Where is the occipital lobe located?
Posterior (back)
What functions are associated with the occipital lobe?
- visual processing
What are the two main components of the brain stem?
- midbrain
- hindbrain
What are the three (3) main components of the hindbrain?
- Medulla
- Pons
- Cerebellum
Where is the pons located?
What functions are associated with the pons?
- bowel/bladder control
- eye movement
- facial expressions
- hearing
- posture
- respiration
- sleep
- swallowing
- taste
Where is the medulla located?
Inferior to the pons.
Where is the cerebellum located?
Also known as the “little brain,” the cerebellum is located to the posterior-inferior portion of the brain.
Where is the limbic system located?
Where is the thalamus located?
Middle of the brain, above the brainstem.
