Bugs Flashcards

1
Q

primary syphilis

A

chancre ulcers- painless

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2
Q

secondary syphilis

A

snail track ulcers- mucous membranes

red body rash- soles and palms too

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3
Q

syphilis C/T

A

bacterial- treponema pallidum

penicillin injections

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4
Q

syphilis investigations

A

blood test

swab chancre and do PCR

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5
Q

lyme disease C/T

A

bacterial- borrelia burgdoreferi
ticks are vectors
doxycycline or amoxicillin

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6
Q

lyme disease Ix

A

blood test- antibody

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7
Q

lyme disease S

A
erythema migrans (bullseye)
heart block, nerve palsy, arthritis
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8
Q

Hansen’s disease C/T

A

bacterial- myco. leprae

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9
Q

Hansen’s disease S

A

tuberculoid leprosy= hypopigmentation, plaques, raised rims

transient rash, nerve involvement

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10
Q

Hansen’s disease Ix

A

acid fast bacilli

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11
Q

Eczema herpeticum C/T

A

virus- herpes simplex

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12
Q

eczema herpeticum S

A

at damaged eczema sites

monomorphic punched out lesions

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13
Q

viral wart (bowen’s)

A

usually genital

bowen’s disease on penis from HPV type 16`

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14
Q

molluscum contagiosum S

A

firm, pearly, umbilicated nodules
itchy
look fluid filled
children with possible tramsitted STI

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15
Q

molluscum contagiosum C/T

A

virus- liquid nitrogen

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16
Q

HPV C/T

A

genital warts- 6/11
cervical cancer- 16/18
self limiting or topical salicylic acid

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17
Q

HPV S

A

young person

warts

18
Q

Herpes Simplex C/T

A

virus

acyclovir

19
Q

herpes simplex type 1

A

from secretions (don’t need to have ulcers present)
gingivostomatitis, pre school, usually asymptomatic, lasts 1 week
recurring- painful blisters at vermillion borders
herpetic whitlow, eczema herpeticum and erythema multiforme

20
Q

secondary herpes simplex

A

genital blisters from sexual contact (warts don’t need to be present for it to be passed)

21
Q

herpes simplex Ix

A

PCR from swabs

22
Q

herpetic whitlow

A

blisters on fingers from herpes simplex

23
Q

erythema multiforme C/T

A

type 4 hypersensitivity from infection
usually after HSV, then myco pneumonia
drugs- NSAIDs, penicillin etc

treat cause and supportive (antihistamine and steroids)

24
Q

erythema multiforme S

A

target lesions (macules-papules-plaques) with three distinct phases
arms, palms and soles then spreads
when mucous membranes involved it becomes SJS
lasts 2-4 weeks
burning/itchy

25
Q

erythema multiforme Ix

A

skin biopsy and look for cause

26
Q

enterovirus (herpangina)

A

coxsackie or echovirus
blisters at back of mouth
stool sample and PCR
self limiting

27
Q

enterovirus (hand, foot and mouth)

A

can be coxsackie
children and families
neuro and pulmonary oedema

28
Q

Orf

A

pox virus from sheep
firm nodule on hands- painful, red, itchy
can get systemic flu like symptoms
self limiting

29
Q

erythema infectiosum (slapped cheek disease) C/T

A

erythrovirus or parvovirus (rubella)

30
Q

erythema infectiosum (slapped cheek disease) S

A

slapped cheek
lacy macular body rash
polyarthritis in small joints as rash fades

31
Q

erythema infectiosum (slapped cheek disease) Ix

A

parvovirus IgM test

32
Q

erythema infectiosum (slapped cheek disease) Ix

A

parvovirus IgM test

33
Q

varicella zoster virus

A

causes chicken pox and shingles (varicella zoster)

34
Q

chickenpox

A
varicella zoster first exposure
can get flu like symptoms (rash, fever)
macules, papules, vesicles, scabs, itchy
air transmission
complications- pneumonitis, bac inf, encephalitis
35
Q

neonatal chickenpox

A

if mother gets chicken pox

susceptible mothers get immunoglobulins

36
Q

shingles/ varicella zoster

A

reactivation of chickenpox
dermatome tingling/ pain (nose involved- hutcheson’s sign)
complications- post hepatic neuralgia; keratitis (ophthalmic zoster); ramsay hunt syndrome
start acyclovir

HIV- TWO DERMATOMES

37
Q

lice

A

pediculus capitus; pediculus corporis; phthirus pubis
intense itch and excoriations
malathion

38
Q

scabies

A
sarcoptes scabei
intense itch worse at night, rash in finger webs, genitals and wrists
chronic crusted- Norwegian scabies
Ix- skin scrape/ get mite and microscopy
T- malathion lotion or permethrin
39
Q

acne C

A

P. acnes in pores

40
Q

rosacea C

A

demodex mites in ducts