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My flashcards > Buzz words GI > Flashcards

Buzz words GI Flashcards

1
Q

Gingival Hypertrophy -> Gingivectomy/Biting on own gums →

A

Side effect of
Calcium Channel Blockers or phenytoin

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2
Q

Bird beak appearance (and distended oesophagus) →

A

Achalasia; if in lower GI
imaging is a sign of bowel obstruction

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3
Q

Grey Turner’s (lumbar redness) and Cullen’s sign (umbilical redness) positive →

A

acute Pancreatitis

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4
Q

Mnemonic for causes of acute pancreatitis →

A

I GET SMASHED: Idiopathic,
Gallstones, Ethanol, Trauma, Steroids, Mumps, Autoimmune, Scorpion bites/stings,
Hyperlipidaemia/hypothermia/hypercalcaemia, ERCP, Drugs

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5
Q

Murphy’s sign positive →

A

Cholecystitis

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6
Q

Pale stools, jaundice, abdo pain →

A

biliary obstruction

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7
Q

Abdo distension, caput medusae, shifting dullness →

A

portal hypertension + ascites

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8
Q

Pyoderma gangrenosum, erythema nodosum →

A

Crohn’s/UC

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9
Q

“Tinkling bowel sounds” →

A

bowel obstruction

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10
Q

Sheep farming 

A

hydatid disease

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11
Q

Vesicular rash + weight loss →

A

Coeliac Disease

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12
Q

. Rose spots, spots that blanch on pressure 

A

Typhoid

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13
Q

Virchow’s node (left supra-clavicular) →

A

gastric cancer

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14
Q

. Urea breath test →

A

H pylori

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15
Q

Cryptosporidium- 

A

HIV/drug users/ TB pmhx

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16
Q

C breath test →

A

bacterial overgrowth

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17
Q

“Rice-water”-like stools →

A

vibrio cholera

18
Q

Primary Biliary Cirrhosis →

A

Presence of AMA (Anti mitochondrial antibodies)

19
Q

Autoimmune hepatitis →

A

Presence of ASMA (anti smooth muscle antibodies)

20
Q

Alpha Feto Protein assay →

A

hepatocellular carcinoma (or teratoma)

21
Q

‘Cobblestone mucosa’; indicating deep fissuring ulceration of mucosa →

A

found in
Crohn’s Disease

22
Q

Diuretic for ascites (due to cirrhosis) →

A

spironolactone

23
Q

Corkscrew oesophagus on barium swallow →

A

diffuse oesophageal spasm

24
Q

Severe abdo pain + D&V after raw milk →

A

Campylobacter

25
Q

Scalloping on endoscopy =

A

HIV

26
Q

Russell’s sign →

A

self induced vomiting

27
Q

South east asia, thickening in small bowel folds, flocculation in barium enema =

A

Tropical Sprue

28
Q

Mallory’s hyaline bodies →

A

alcoholic liver disease (acute hepatitis) and chronic
active hepatitis

29
Q

Crypt abscess / cryptitis →

A

Inflammatory Bowel CROHN’S

30
Q

Onion skinning fibrosis, beading of bile ducts →

A

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

31
Q

“Signet RIng” cells seen on biopsy →

A

Linitis plastica - diffuse stomach cancer

32
Q

. Thumb-printing on X-ray commonly at splenic flexure →

A

Ischaemic colitis

33
Q

. Charcot’s triad →

A

acute cholangitis i.e. fever, jaundice and abdominal pain secondary
to cholelithiasis.

34
Q

Causes for abdominal mass: A CHEMICAL:

A

AAA, crohn’s, hernia, enlarged organ,
malignancy, intersusception, cyst or abcess, appendicitis, lymphadenopathy

35
Q

Causes for bowel obstruction: BATH VIPS:

A

bolus, adhesions, tumour, hernia,
volvulus, intersussception, pseudo-obstruction, stricture

36
Q

Virchow’s node –

A

lymph node in left supra-clavicular fossa suggestive of gastric
malignancy

37
Q

Diarrhoea -

A

sources of infection e.g undercooked poultry, ill grandchild

38
Q

Side effect of spironlactone-

A

gynaecomastia

39
Q

what type of mouth disease do people with Crohn’s have?

A

(stomatitis gangrenosum)

40
Q
  • replacement of oesophagus stratified squamous epithelium by simple columnar
    epithelium with goblet cells –
A

barretts oesophagus/ precancer

41
Q

. dukes classification –

A

A – confined to bowel wall, B – local spread outwith bowel
wall, C – lymph node metastases

42
Q

thumb printing at splenic flexure –

A

ischaemic colitis

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