C1 - Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table

Question 1

Why are noble gases inert (2)

Answer 1

Full outer electron shell
Do not need to lose or gain electrons

Question 2

What does distillation separate

Answer 2

A solvent from a solution

Question 3

Rf value in chromatography

Answer 3

Distance moved by spot/ distance moved by solvent

Question 4

Effect of impurity on boiling point of a substance

Answer 4

Decreases it

Question 5

Pencil line in chromatography

Answer 5

Base line

Question 6

Miscible

Answer 6

Liquids that mix together and form one layer

Question 7

Why are anti boiling granules added to the flask

Answer 7

To promote smooth boiling

Question 8

Alloys

Answer 8

Mixture of two or more elements, at least one is a metal

Question 9

Size of an atom

Answer 9

Approx 0.1nm radius

Question 10

Historical models of atom

Answer 10

Dalton
Plum pudding
Nuclear
Electron shell

Question 11

Charge

Answer 11

Properties of particles that are positive, neutral or negative

Question 12

Features of Dalton’s atom model

Answer 12

• atoms are spherical
• atoms are indivisible
• atoms contain no charged particles
• mass of an atom is evenly spread

Question 13

Radius of nucleus of atom

Answer 13

1x10⁻¹⁴

Question 14

Filtration

Answer 14

Separating a solid from a solution or liquid

Question 15

Processes of distillation

Answer 15

• evaporation
• condensation
• collection

Question 16

Law of conservation of mass

Answer 16

Atoms are not created or destroyed in a chemical reaction, they are just rearranged

Question 17

Why is air a mixture

Answer 17

A number of different molecules are not chemically bonded

Question 18

Native metal

Answer 18

Metal that is not found in nature combined with any other element

Question 19

Pattern of reactivity down alkali metals

Answer 19

Increases down the group

Question 20

Element

Answer 20

Substances made up of only one type of atom

Question 21

How many elements are there

Answer 21

About 100

Question 22

Isotope

Answer 22

Form of an element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Question 23

Compounds

Answer 23

Substances formed by two or more elements chemically bonded

Question 24

How are mixtures separated

Answer 24

Physical methods

Question 25

Physical separation methods

Answer 25

• filtration
• crystallisation
• simple distillation
• fractional distillation
• chromatography

Question 26

RP1 - chromatography

Answer 26

• chromatography paper, baseline
• ink spots
• beaker, solvent, lid
• different rates, separate
• insoluble, baseline
• dry, chromatogram

Question 27

RP2 - simple distillation

Answer 27

• very different
• liquid, solution
• heat, evaporates
• condenser
• flask

Question 28

Fractional distillation

Answer 28

• similar
• fractionating column
• top, condenser
• cooler top

Question 29

Physical properties of metals

Answer 29

• strong
• malleable
• good at conducting heat
• good at conducting electricity

Question 30

Physical properties of non-metals

Answer 30

• full looking
• brittle
• generally don’t conduct electricity
• lower density

Question 31

Properties of alkali metals

Answer 31

• soft
• low density
• 1 electron in outer shell

Question 32

Group 7 down the group

Answer 32

• less reactive
• higher melting and boiling points
• higher relative atomic mass

Question 33

Noble gases down the group

Answer 33

• increasing boiling points

Question 34

Products of alkali metal and water

Answer 34

Metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 35

How many times smaller is nucleus than atom

Answer 35

10,000