C1 - Fundimental Principles Flashcards
What’s an isotope
2 or more forms of the same element
Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and different number of neutrons
Same atomic number, different mass number
What’s an ion
An atom or group of atoms with a charge
All atoms loose or gain electrons to gain a full outer she’ll
Metals loose electrons to form positive ions - cations
Non metals gain electrons to form negative ions - anions
5 facts about liquids
- arranged irregularly
- less dense than solids
- ability to flow to fit shape
- fixed volume
- cannot be compressed
5 facts on solids
- particles are regularly packed
- closely packed
- can’t flow
- fixed shape
- fixed volume
5 facts on gases
- very irregular
- particles very far apart
- not very dense
- can be compressed
- particles constantly moving
Name of solid to gas transfer
Sublimation
Gas to solid transfer name
Deposition
Define diffusion
When particles float from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, without external force or mixing.
In liquids or gases
All particles are eventually spread out
What’s an element
A substance made up of one type of atom
What’s a compound
A substance made up of 2 or more different elements chemically bound together
What’s a mixture
A substance that contains both atoms and compounds
E.g. Air
Charge, relative mass, location of neutrons
Charge - 0
RM - 1
Location - nucleus
Charge, relative mass and location of a proton
Charge - +1
Relative mass - 1
Location - nucleus
Charge, relative mass and location of electrons
Charge - -1
Rm - 0
Location - orbiting the nucleus shells
What’s the relative atomic mass
The average mass of an atom of an element relative to 1/12th the mass of an atom of carbon - 12
This number = protons+ neutrons
