c4.1-Predicting Chemical Reactions Flashcards
c4.1.1-What are group 1 metals?
Group 1 metals are called alkali metals because they react with water to form alkaline solutions. They are shiny when freshly cut and good conductors of electricity. They are lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, francium.
c4.1.1-What are trends in group 1 metals?
Group 1 metals are softer, density increases, reactivity increases and melting point decreases as you go down the group.
c4.1.1-What is the reactivity of group 1 metals?
Group 1 metals react with water to form metal hydroxide and hydrogen.
Lithium-fizzes steadily, slowly disappears
Sodium-melts into silvery ball, fizzes vigorously, quickly disappears
Potassium-immediately ignites, burns with lilac flame, very quickly disappears
c4.1.2-What are group 7 elements?
Group 7 metals are halogens which are hard in the solid state and poor conductors of electricity. They exist as diatomic molecules with weak intermolecular forces. They are fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine.
c4.1.2-What are trends in group 7 metals?
As you go down the group, density increases, melting point and boiling point increase and the reactivity decreases.
c4.1.2-What are the reactions of group 7?
Group 7 metals react with metals to produce salts. They react vigorously with group 1 metals, especially if the metals heated first.
c4.1.2-How do you explain group 1 and group 7 trends in reactivity?
Group 1 metals are more reactive as they lose outer electrons in reactions leaving a complete outer shell. Group 7 metals are less reactive as they gain electrons for a full outer shell.
c4.1.3-What is a halogen displacement reaction?
Halogens react with halides in solution. A halide is a compound that contains a group 7 and another element. A halogen will displace a less reactive halogen in a halide ion.
c4.1.3-How do you perform a halogen displacement reaction?
1)Wear eye protection and place a small volume of potassium chloride in a spotting tile
2)Add a few drops of bromine water
3)Note observations and repeat for other solutions
c4.1.4-What are group 0(IUPAC 18) metals?
They are noble gases and very unreactive. They are non metals and in the gas state at room temperature. They are helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon.
c4.1.4-Why are the noble gases so unreactive?
The group 0 atoms have complete outer shells. This means they have no tendency to lose or gain electrons to form ions.
c4.1.4-What trends do group 0 metals show?
Group 0 metals are monatomic meaning they exist as single atoms with weak forces of attraction between them. As you go down the group, the attractive forces get stronger and boiling point increases. They have low densities.
c4.1.5-What are transition metals?
The transition metals are between Group 2 and IUPAC 13. They are shiny when freshly cut, good conductors of electricity, strong and malleable. The transition metals have higher densities and melting points than group 1 metals. They are also catalysts.
c4.1.5-What are chemical properties of transition metals?
Transition metals are less reactive than alkali metals. Iron reacts slowly with water and oxygen to produce rust, hydrated iron(III) oxide. Gold, platinum, iridium don’t react with water or oxygen. They produce coloured ionic compounds.
c4.1.6-How do metals react with water and dilute acids?
Metals form positive ions in reactions and the easier this is, the more reactive the metal. A metal can react with water or dilute acids if it is more reactive than hydrogen.
