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Chemistry > C5.4- Chemical Changes > Flashcards

C5.4- Chemical Changes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the product of a metal and an acid?

A

Salt and hydrogen

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2
Q

What is displacement?

A

When a more reactive element takes the place of a less reactive element in a compound

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3
Q

What is oxidation?

A

Gain of oxygen and the loss of electrons

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4
Q

What is reduction?

A

The loss of oxygen and gain of electrons

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5
Q

What is the reactivity of a metal?

A

It’s tendency to form a positive ion

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6
Q

What is the reactivity series of metals?

A

Potassium
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Carbon
Zinc
Iron
Tin
Lead
Hydrogen
Copper
Silver
Gold
Platinum

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7
Q

What is the result of magnesium+copper chloride? Write a symbol and word equation.

A

Magnesium displaces the copper as it is more reactive.
Magnesium+Copper chloride->Magnesium Chloride+Copper
Mg+CuCl2->Cu+MgCl3

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8
Q

What is the chemical formula for hydrochloric acid?

A

HCl

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9
Q

What is the formula of sulphuric acid?

A

H2SO4

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10
Q

What is the formula of nitric acid?

A

HNO3

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11
Q

Write a complete ionic equation for the reaction between calcium and lead sulphate

A

(Ca)+(Pb2+)—>(Ca2+)+(Pb)

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12
Q

What is an ore?

A

A rock containing enough of the metal to make it worth the cost of extracting

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13
Q

When do we use electrolysis?

A

When the metal is more reactive than carbon

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14
Q

How do we extract metals less reactive than carbon?

A

Blast furnace to react them with carbon and be displaced by it. They are reduced.

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15
Q

What is an indicator?

A

A substance that detects whether something is an acid or an alkali. The most commonly used is universal indicator.

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16
Q

What colour does UI turn in an acid and alkaline?

A

Red in acid, blue in alkali

17
Q

What colour does phenolphthalein turn in acid and alkali?

A

No change in acid (colourless) and pink in alkali

18
Q

What colour is methyl orange in an acid and an alkali?

A

Red/coral in acid, no change in alkali (orange)

19
Q

What colour is litmus red in acid and alkali?

A

No change in acid (red), blue in alkali

20
Q

What colour is litmus blue in acid and alkali?

A

Red in acid, no change in alkali (blue)

21
Q

What is an acid?

A

An aqueous solution that contains H+ ions, which separate from the acid compound.

22
Q

What affects the strength of an acid?

A

How dissociating an acid is

23
Q

What kind of compounds form acids?

A

Non-metals form oxides that are acidic

24
Q

What is a base?

A

A substance that reacts with an acid to form a salt and water only.

25
Q

What is an alkali?

A

Soluble base that contains OH- ions. Usually metal hydroxides.

26
Q

What type of compounds are basic?

A

Metal oxides

27
Q

Write out the word and symbol equation for magnesium and hydrochloric acid.

A

Magnesium+Hydrochloric Acid—>Magnesium Chloride+Hydrogen

Mg+HCl—>H2+MgCl2

28
Q

What is a salt?

A

An ionic compound produced in the neutralisation of an acid and a base.

29
Q

What is the “surname” for the metals that react with hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and sulphuric acid?

A

Chloride, nitrate, sulphate

30
Q

Write the word and symbol equation for sodium and nitric acid.

A

Sodium+Nitric acid—>Sodium Nitrate+Hydrogen

(2Na)+(2HNO3)—>(2NaNO3)+(H2)

31
Q

What is the general ionic equation for a neutralisation reaction?

A

(H+)+(OH-)—>(H2O)

32
Q

What is the general equation for an acid plus alkali?

A

Acid+Alkali—>Salt+Water

33
Q

Write out the symbol and word equation for hydrochloric acid+sodium hydroxide.

A

Hydrochloric Acid+Sodium Hydroxide—>Sodium Chloride+Water

HCl+NaOH—>NaCl+H20

34
Q

Are metal carbonates and hydroxides alkali or acid?

A

Alkali

35
Q

What is the general equation for acid plus metal oxide?

A

Salt and water

36
Q

What is the general equation for acid plus metal carbonate?

A

Salt, carbon dioxide and water

37
Q

What is the general equation for metal hydroxide plus acid?

A

Salt and water

Chemistry (12 decks)

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